Dog Breed Directory

Explore our comprehensive directory of dog breeds to find detailed information about their characteristics, temperament, care requirements, and more.

Affenpinscher

The Affenpinscher is a small, sturdy, and compact dog standing 9.5 to 11.5 inches tall and weighing 7 to 9 pounds. It features a dense, rough, and wiry coat, most commonly black, with a distinctive monkey-like facial expression highlighted by bushy eyebrows and a prominent beard and mustache. The breed has a square build, short muzzle, and a lively, alert demeanor.

Toy Group

Germany (Munich region)

Afghan Hound

The Afghan Hound is a tall, elegant sighthound with a long, fine, silky coat that comes in a variety of colors. It stands 25 to 27 inches (63.5 to 68.5 cm) at the shoulder and weighs between 50 to 60 pounds (23 to 27 kg). Distinctive features include a prominent topknot, high hipbones, a narrow head, and a tail that ends in a ring curl. The breed's aristocratic appearance is complemented by its unique, flowing coat and dignified expression.

Hound Group

Afghanistan

Airedale Terrier

The Airedale Terrier is a large, well-proportioned dog with a muscular build and a distinctive long, flat skull. It has a dense, wiry, tan coat with a black saddle, V-shaped ears that fold over, and a tail carried high. Males typically stand about 23 inches at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. The breed is known for its alert expression and athletic appearance.

Terrier Group

England (Aire Valley, Yorkshire)

Akita

The Akita is a large, powerful dog with a broad head and small, erect, triangular ears. Its thick double coat comes in various colors, including black, fawn, red, white, and brindle. A distinctive feature is its large, curled tail carried over the back.

Working Group

Japan, Akita Prefecture

Alaskan Malamute

The Alaskan Malamute is a large, powerful dog with a broad head, erect ears, and a bushy tail carried over the back. Males typically stand 25 inches tall and weigh around 85 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a thick, double coat with a coarse outer layer and a dense, woolly undercoat, commonly in shades of gray and white, black and white, sable and white, red and white, or solid white. Distinctive features include strong bone structure, deep chest, and a wolf-like facial mask.

Working Group

United States (Alaska, Kotzebue Sound region)

American Bulldog

The American Bulldog is a large, muscular dog with a sturdy, athletic build. Males typically stand 22 to 27 inches at the shoulder and females 20 to 25 inches. Their short, harsh coat is most often white or white with patches of red, brindle, or brown. The breed is distinguished by its broad head, strong jaw, and expressive, alert eyes.

Mixed Breed

United States (Southeastern region)

American English Coonhound

The American English Coonhound is a large, athletic dog with a muscular build, deep chest, and long, strong legs. Its short to medium-length coat comes in redtick, bluetick, or tricolor patterns, featuring combinations of black, tan, blue, brown, red, and white. The breed has long, drooping ears, an expressive face, and a tail carried high when alert. Known for its speed and endurance, the American English Coonhound is built for stamina and agility.

Hound Group

United States (Southern regions)

American Eskimo Dog

The American Eskimo Dog is a compact, well-balanced Spitz-type breed with a dense, double-layered white coat and a pronounced ruff around the neck. It features a plumed tail carried over the back, dark, expressive eyes, and erect triangular ears. The breed comes in three size varieties: Toy, Miniature, and Standard, all sharing the same elegant and alert appearance. Its striking white coat and lively expression make it easily recognizable.

Non-Sporting Group

United States

American Foxhound

The American Foxhound is a tall, lean, and athletic dog with long legs and a streamlined build, standing 21 to 25 inches at the shoulder and weighing 65 to 75 pounds. It has a short, hard coat that can come in any color, though tricolor patterns are common. The breed is known for its long, straight-boned legs, deep chest, and a slightly domed skull with large, low-set ears. Its overall appearance is one of speed, endurance, and grace.

Hound Group

United States (Maryland and Virginia)

American Hairless Terrier

The American Hairless Terrier is a small to medium-sized, well-muscled terrier with a compact build. Most are hairless, displaying smooth, warm skin in a variety of colors and patterns, though a coated variety exists with a short, dense coat. Distinctive features include expressive eyes, erect ears, and the presence of whiskers and eyebrows even in hairless individuals. The breed is alert, agile, and has a lively, athletic appearance.

Terrier Group

United States (Louisiana)

American Leopard Hound

The American Leopard Hound is a medium-to-large, powerful, and agile tree dog. Males typically stand between 22 to 27 inches tall and weigh 45 to 75 pounds, while females range from 21 to 25 inches in height and weigh 35 to 65 pounds. The breed possesses a dense, short coat that comes in various colors, including blue, black, mouse, red, yellow, and brindle, often with white or other color spotting. Their eyes are round and wide-set, varying in shades of yellow, brown, or blue.

Hound Group

United States, particularly eastern North Carolina

American Staffordshire Terrier

The American Staffordshire Terrier is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a broad head and pronounced cheek muscles. Males typically stand 18 to 19 inches tall at the shoulder, while females are slightly shorter at 17 to 18 inches. They weigh between 40 to 70 pounds. Their coat is short, stiff, and glossy, coming in a variety of colors, including solid, parti, or patched patterns. The breed's appearance exudes strength and agility.

Terrier

United States

American Water Spaniel

The American Water Spaniel is a medium-sized dog with a sturdy, muscular build and a dense, water-resistant double coat that is either curly or wavy. Coat color is typically solid liver, brown, or dark chocolate. The breed stands 15 to 18 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 25 and 45 pounds. Its distinctive features include long, floppy ears and a tail that is moderately feathered.

Sporting Group

United States (Wisconsin)

Anatolian Shepherd Dog

The Anatolian Shepherd Dog is a large, powerful breed with a broad head, muscular build, and thick neck. Males typically stand 29 to 32 inches tall and weigh 110 to 143 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a dense, double coat that is short to medium in length and can be any color, though fawn with a black mask is common. Distinctive features include a deep chest, long tail that often curls upward, and an alert, watchful expression.

Working Group

Turkey (Anatolian Plateau)

Appenzeller Sennenhund

The Appenzeller Sennenhund is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a balanced build. It has a short, dense, and glossy double coat, typically black or Havana brown with symmetrical white and rust-colored markings. The tail is set high and carried in a tight curl over the back when the dog is in motion.

Foundation Stock Service

Switzerland, Appenzell region

Australian Cattle Dog

The Australian Cattle Dog is a sturdy, muscular, and compact medium-sized breed with a broad skull, pricked ears, and an alert, keen expression. Its coat is short, dense, and weather-resistant, typically appearing in blue or red speckled patterns. The breed is known for its agility, strength, and endurance, with a well-balanced, athletic build and a distinctive mottled or speckled appearance.

Herding Group

Australia (Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales)

Australian Kelpie

The Australian Kelpie is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a lithe, muscular build and a keen, alert expression. It has pricked ears, almond-shaped eyes, and a short, dense, weather-resistant double coat that comes in a variety of colors including black, red, chocolate, fawn, and blue, often with tan markings. Males typically stand 18-20 inches at the shoulder and females 17-19 inches, with a balanced, agile appearance suited for endurance and speed.

Mixed Breed

Australia (Victoria region)

Australian Shepherd

The Australian Shepherd is a medium-sized, agile dog with a moderately long, weather-resistant double coat that may be straight or wavy. Common coat colors include blue merle, red merle, black, and red, often with white markings and/or tan points. The breed is well-balanced and muscular, with expressive eyes that may be brown, blue, amber, or even two different colors. Some individuals are born with a natural bobtail.

Herding Group

United States (Western regions, especially California)

Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog

The Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog is a medium-sized, squarely built working dog with a rugged, athletic appearance. It has a short, dense coat that comes in blue or red speckle patterns, and its most distinctive feature is its naturally short tail, which is not docked and typically does not exceed 10 centimeters in length. The breed has upright ears, a broad skull, and a keen, alert expression. Its overall build is sturdy and well-muscled, suited for endurance and agility.

Mixed Breed

Australia

Australian Terrier

The Australian Terrier is a small, sturdy dog standing 10 to 11 inches tall and weighing 15 to 20 pounds. It has a harsh, straight outer coat approximately 2.5 inches long, with a soft undercoat. Coat colors include blue and tan, solid red, or sandy. Distinctive features include erect ears, a keen expression, and a docked or natural tail carried high.

Terrier Group

Australia

Azawakh

The Azawakh is a tall, slender sighthound with a lean, muscular build and an elegant, aristocratic appearance. Males typically stand 25 to 29 inches tall and weigh 44 to 55 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a short, fine coat that comes in a variety of colors, including sand, red, brindle, blue, black, gray, and all shades of brown. Distinctive features include almond-shaped eyes, high-set triangular ears, and a deep chest with a tucked-up abdomen.

Hound Group

Mali (Sahel region, including Niger and Burkina Faso)

Barbet

The Barbet is a medium-sized dog with a dense, long, woolly, and curly coat that comes in various colors, including black, brown, fawn, gray, and white. Males typically stand 21 to 24 inches tall and weigh 40 to 65 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is distinguished by its pronounced beard and mustache, giving it a unique and expressive appearance. Its webbed feet and water-resistant coat are key features that support its historical role as a water dog.

Sporting Group

France

Basenji

The Basenji is a small, elegant dog with a fine, short coat that comes in chestnut red, black, tricolor, or brindle, always with white feet, chest, and tail tip. It stands 16 to 17 inches tall and weighs 22 to 24 pounds. Distinctive features include a wrinkled forehead, erect ears, almond-shaped eyes, and a tightly curled tail. The breed is known for its graceful, athletic build and cat-like grooming habits.

Hound Group

Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central Africa

Basset Fauve de Bretagne

The Basset Fauve de Bretagne is a small, stocky hound with a rough, dense, and harsh coat that is fawn, gold wheaten, or red wheaten in color. The breed stands between 12.5 to 15 inches (32 to 38 cm) at the withers and weighs between 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 16 kg). It has a moderately domed skull, dark eyes, and ears that are set level with the eyes, folding inwards and ending in a point.

Miscellaneous Class

France, Brittany region

Basset Hound

The Basset Hound is a medium-sized dog with a long, low-set body and short, sturdy legs. It has a smooth, short coat that is typically tri-color (black, white, and tan) or bi-color (lemon and white). Distinctive features include long, pendulous ears, loose skin, and expressive, soulful eyes. The breed is known for its substantial bone structure and heavy body relative to its height.

Hound Group

France (Ardennes region)

Bavarian Mountain Scent Hound

The Bavarian Mountain Scent Hound is a medium-sized, robust dog with a muscular build and a body slightly longer than it is tall. It features a short, dense, and close-lying coat in shades of brindle, reddish-brown, or tan, providing natural camouflage. The breed has a strong, elongated head, a broad, slightly domed skull, and high-set, medium-length ears that hang close to the cheeks. Its overall appearance is balanced and athletic, suited for work in rugged terrain.

Foundation Stock Service

Germany (Bavaria)

Beagle

The Beagle is a sturdy, compact hound with a resemblance to a miniature Foxhound. It stands 13 to 15 inches (33 to 38 cm) at the shoulder and weighs between 20 to 30 pounds (9 to 14 kg). The breed has a short, dense coat that is most commonly tricolor (black, tan, and white), with large brown eyes, long low-set ears, and a tail often tipped with white for visibility in the field.

Hound Group

England

Bearded Collie

The Bearded Collie is a medium-sized, agile herding dog with a long, shaggy double coat that protects against harsh weather. The outer coat is harsh and shaggy, while the undercoat is soft and dense. They have a bright, inquiring expression, large expressive eyes, and a distinctive beard of longer hair under the chin. Bearded Collies typically stand 20 to 22 inches tall and weigh between 40 and 60 pounds.

Herding Group

Scotland (Scottish Highlands)

Beauceron

The Beauceron is a large, muscular dog with a strong, athletic build, standing 24 to 27.5 inches at the shoulder and weighing 70 to 110 pounds. It has a short, dense double coat, most commonly black and tan, though a harlequin pattern is also recognized. Distinctive features include double dewclaws on each rear leg and expressive, dark eyes. The breed exudes power, agility, and elegance.

Herding Group

France (Beauce region)

Bedlington Terrier

The Bedlington Terrier is a graceful, medium-boned dog with a distinctive lamb-like appearance, featuring a narrow, rounded head and a profuse topknot. Its coat is a unique mixture of hard and soft hair, giving a linty texture, and comes in blue, liver, or sandy colors, often with tan points. Males typically stand about 16.5 inches tall, females slightly less, and both weigh between 17 and 23 pounds. The breed is known for its arched back, deep chest, and elegant, athletic build.

Terrier Group

England (Northumberland, town of Bedlington)

Belgian Laekenois

The Belgian Laekenois is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a distinctive rough, wiry coat that ranges in color from fawn to mahogany, often with black shading on the muzzle and tail. It has a square build, erect ears, and a slightly pointed muzzle, giving it an alert and intelligent expression. The breed's unique coat texture provides protection against harsh weather conditions.

Herding Group

Belgium, Laeken region

Belgian Malinois

The Belgian Malinois is a medium-sized, well-muscled dog with a square build and a short, dense coat that ranges from fawn to mahogany, often with black-tipped hairs. It features a distinct black mask and ears, with males standing 24 to 26 inches and females 22 to 24 inches at the shoulder. The breed is athletic and elegant, with a proud carriage and alert expression. Its overall appearance is one of strength, agility, and keen intelligence.

Herding Group

Belgium (Mechelen, Flanders region)

Belgian Sheepdog

The Belgian Sheepdog is a medium to large, squarely built dog with a long, solid black double coat. It features a wedge-shaped head, erect triangular ears, and dark brown, intelligent eyes. The coat is especially abundant around the neck, forming a mane, and on the tail and hindquarters. Males typically stand 24–26 inches tall and weigh 65–75 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Herding Group

Belgium (Groenendael region)

Belgian Tervuren

The Belgian Tervuren is a medium-sized, square-proportioned dog with an elegant yet powerful build. It features a wedge-shaped head, dark almond-shaped eyes, and erect triangular ears. The breed's long, double coat is rich fawn to mahogany with a black overlay and a distinctive black mask, and males often have a more pronounced mane. Its overall appearance is one of grace, alertness, and athleticism.

Herding Group

Belgium (Tervuren village, Flemish Brabant province)

Bergamasco Sheepdog

The Bergamasco Sheepdog is a medium-sized, robust dog with a square, muscular build. Its most distinctive feature is its long, thick coat that naturally forms mats or 'flocks,' providing protection from harsh weather and predators. The coat color ranges from pale grey to black, and the breed has a large head with expressive eyes. Males typically stand about 23.5 inches at the shoulder and weigh 70-84 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Herding Group

Italy (Bergamo region, Alps)

Berger Picard

The Berger Picard is a medium-sized, well-muscled dog with a rustic, tousled appearance. It features naturally erect, high-set ears, dark expressive eyes, and a distinctive smile. The breed's weather-resistant coat is harsh and crisp to the touch, with a minimal undercoat, and comes in shades of fawn and brindle.

Herding Group

France, Picardy region

Bernese Mountain Dog

The Bernese Mountain Dog is a large, sturdy breed with a striking tricolor coat of black, rust, and white. It has a broad chest, strong limbs, and a long, silky double coat that may be slightly wavy or straight. Distinctive features include rust-colored markings above the eyes, on the cheeks, and on the chest, as well as white markings on the chest, muzzle, and tail tip. The breed is known for its powerful build and gentle expression.

Working Group

Switzerland (Canton of Bern)

Bichon Frise

The Bichon Frise is a small, sturdy dog with a distinctive white, curly double coat that gives it a powder puff appearance. It has dark, round eyes, a black nose, and a cheerful, alert expression. The breed typically stands 9.5 to 11.5 inches tall at the shoulder and weighs between 12 and 18 pounds. Its plumed tail is carried over the back, and its coat is hypoallergenic and requires regular grooming.

Non-Sporting Group

France and Belgium

Biewer Terrier

The Biewer Terrier is a small, elegant toy breed with a long, flowing, silky coat that is distinctly tri-colored in black (or blue), tan, and white. The hair parts down the middle of the back and falls straight on either side, with a high-set, plumed tail that arches over the back. Biewer Terriers typically weigh between 4 and 8 pounds and stand 7 to 11 inches tall at the shoulder. Their expressive faces and compact build make them a striking and charming companion.

Toy Group

Germany

Black and Tan Coonhound

The Black and Tan Coonhound is a large, powerful scent hound with a coal-black coat and rich tan markings above the eyes, on the muzzle, chest, legs, and breeching. Males stand 25 to 27 inches at the shoulder, females 23 to 25 inches. The breed features a short, dense, and glossy coat, long low-set ears, and a deep, melodious bay. Its athletic build and keen expression are distinctive.

Hound Group

United States (Appalachian, Blue Ridge, Ozark, and Smoky Mountain regions)

Black Russian Terrier

The Black Russian Terrier is a large, powerful dog with a robust, muscular build. It has a dense, double coat that is black or black with scattered gray hairs, providing protection against harsh climates. The coat is rough and slightly wavy, with distinctive facial furnishings including a beard and bushy eyebrows. Males typically stand 27 to 30 inches tall, while females are 26 to 29 inches, and the breed has a commanding, balanced presence.

Working Group

Russia

Bloodhound

The Bloodhound is a large, powerful dog with loose, wrinkled skin, especially around the head and neck, and long, drooping ears. Its short, dense coat comes in black and tan, liver and tan, or red. Males typically stand 25 to 27 inches tall and weigh 90 to 110 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is renowned for its distinctive, noble appearance and keen sense of smell.

Hound Group

Belgium (Saint Hubert region)

Bluetick Coonhound

The Bluetick Coonhound is a large, muscular dog with a sleek, short coat featuring a distinctive blue ticking pattern interspersed with black spots. Males typically stand 22 to 27 inches tall and weigh 55 to 80 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed has expressive dark brown eyes, long low-set ears, and a deep chest, giving it an alert and athletic appearance.

Hound Group

United States (Louisiana)

Boerboel

The Boerboel is a large, muscular dog with a broad, block-like head and strong jaws. It has a short, dense coat that comes in colors such as brindle, brown, cream, red, and tawny, often with distinctive black masks or white markings. Males typically stand 24 to 27 inches tall and weigh between 150 to 200 pounds, while females are slightly smaller, standing 22 to 25 inches tall.

Working Group

South Africa

Bohemian Shepherd

The Bohemian Shepherd is a medium-sized, well-proportioned dog standing between 19 to 22 inches (48–55 cm) at the withers and weighing approximately 35 to 55 pounds (15–25 kg). It has a long, thick coat with a rich undercoat, predominantly black with tan markings. Distinctive features include high-set, small, pointed, erect ears and a long, elegant neckline. The breed exhibits a fluid, light, and unhurried gait.

Mixed Breed

Czech Republic, Chod region

Bolognese

The Bolognese is a small, compact dog with a square build and a pure white, long, fluffy coat that falls in loose, open ringlets. The breed has a slightly longer skull than muzzle, large round dark eyes, and long, hanging ears. Its tail is set high and carried curved over the back. The Bolognese is known for its elegant yet sturdy appearance and distinctive, cotton-like coat.

Mixed Breed

Italy (Bologna region)

Border Collie

The Border Collie is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a well-balanced build, standing between 18 to 22 inches tall and weighing 30 to 55 pounds. They possess a double coat that can be either smooth or rough, commonly found in black and white, though various color combinations exist. Their expressive eyes and alert ears contribute to their keen and intelligent expression.

Herding Group

United Kingdom, Anglo-Scottish border region

Border Terrier

The Border Terrier is a small, agile dog with a distinctive rough, wiry double coat that is weather-resistant. It has a broad skull, short muzzle, and dark, V-shaped ears that fall close to the cheeks. Typical coat colors include grizzle and tan, blue and tan, red, or wheaten. Males weigh 13 to 15.5 pounds and stand about 13 to 15 inches tall, with females slightly smaller.

Terrier Group

United Kingdom (Anglo-Scottish border region, including Northumberland and the Scottish Borders)

Borzoi

The Borzoi is a large, elegant sighthound with a long, narrow head, deep chest, and a graceful, curvaceous outline. Its luxurious, silky coat can be flat, wavy, or slightly curly and comes in a variety of colors. Males typically stand at least 28 inches tall and weigh 75 to 105 pounds, while females are at least 26 inches tall and weigh 60 to 85 pounds. The breed is known for its aristocratic appearance and powerful yet refined build.

Hound Group

Russia

Boston Terrier

The Boston Terrier is a small, compact dog with a square-shaped head, short muzzle, and large, erect ears. Its smooth, short coat is typically brindle, seal, or black with distinctive white markings on the face, chest, and legs, giving it a tuxedo-like appearance. The breed has a well-balanced, muscular build and expressive, round eyes.

Non-Sporting Group

United States (Boston, Massachusetts)

Bouvier des Flandres

The Bouvier des Flandres is a large, powerfully built dog with a rugged appearance. Males typically weigh between 80 to 120 pounds (36 to 54 kilograms), while females are slightly lighter. They possess a thick double coat that is coarse and rough, providing protection against harsh weather. Coat colors include fawn, brindle, black, grey, or blonde. Distinctive features include a broad head accentuated by a heavy beard and mustache, giving the breed its characteristic forbidding expression.

Herding Group

Belgium and France (Flanders region)

Boxer

The Boxer is a medium to large, muscular, square-built dog with a short, smooth coat that lies close to the body. It typically stands 21 to 25 inches tall and weighs between 55 to 80 pounds, with males generally larger than females. The breed's coat is fawn or brindle, often with white markings, and it features a broad, short skull, square muzzle, and a characteristic underbite.

Working Group

Germany

Boykin Spaniel

The Boykin Spaniel is a sturdy, medium-sized dog with a compact, athletic build. Males stand 15.5 to 18 inches tall and weigh 30 to 40 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 14 to 16.5 inches and 25 to 35 pounds. The breed features a medium-length, wavy to curly coat in rich liver or dark chocolate, with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and belly. Distinctive amber to gold eyes and a friendly, alert expression are hallmarks of the breed.

Sporting Group

United States (South Carolina)

Bracco Italiano

The Bracco Italiano is a large, athletic dog with a robust build, long ears, and a distinctive sculpted head featuring pronounced upper lips. Its short, dense coat comes in white, white with orange or chestnut markings, or roan patterns. The breed stands 21 to 27 inches tall and weighs 55 to 90 pounds, presenting a balanced and powerful appearance. Notable features include a deep chest, strong limbs, and a graceful, efficient trotting gait.

Sporting Group

Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy regions)

Braque du Bourbonnais

The Braque du Bourbonnais is a medium-sized, short-haired pointing dog with a compact, muscular build. Males typically stand between 51-57 cm (20-22 inches) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller at 48-55 cm (19-21 inches). Their coat is short and fine, commonly longer and coarser on the back, and comes in white or brown with fine brown, white, fawn, or sometimes black ticking. Distinctive features include a rounded head and, occasionally, a naturally short tail.

Mixed Breed

France, Bourbonnais region

Braque Francais Pyrenean

The Braque Francais Pyrenean is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a short, fine coat that is typically chestnut brown or chestnut and white. Males stand 19 to 23 inches at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller. The breed features a well-proportioned body, a broad head, and medium-length ears that reach just past the eye when pulled forward. Its build is agile and compact, suited for mountainous terrain.

Foundation Stock Service

France (Pyrenees region)

Briard

The Briard is a large, muscular dog with a long, slightly wavy double coat that comes in black, gray, or tawny. Males stand 23 to 27 inches at the shoulder, and females 22 to 25.5 inches. The breed is distinguished by its bushy eyebrows, shaggy beard, and expressive eyes, as well as its characteristic double dewclaws on each rear leg. Its overall appearance is elegant yet powerful, with a supple, agile movement.

Herding Group

France (Brie region)

Brittany

The Brittany is a compact, medium-sized dog with a leggy, athletic build designed for agility and stamina. Standing 17.5 to 20.5 inches (44.5 to 52 cm) at the shoulder and weighing 30 to 40 pounds (13.5 to 18 kg), it has a dense, flat or wavy coat that resists water and dirt. Coat colors include orange and white, liver and white, black and white, and tricolor. The breed often has a naturally short or docked tail and expressive, alert eyes.

Sporting Group

France (Brittany region)

Broholmer

The Broholmer is a large, powerful dog with a massive head, strong rectangular build, and a deep chest. Males typically stand about 29.5 inches (75 cm) tall and weigh between 110–154 pounds (50–70 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a short, harsh coat that comes in light yellow with a black mask, golden red, or black, with permissible white markings. Its overall appearance is imposing yet balanced, with a calm and confident demeanor.

Mixed Breed

Denmark

Brussels Griffon

The Brussels Griffon is a small, sturdy toy breed with a distinctive, almost human-like facial expression. It comes in two coat types: rough, which is wiry and dense, and smooth, which is short and glossy. The breed stands about 9 to 11 inches tall and weighs between 8 to 12 pounds. Notable features include a domed head, large dark eyes, and a short, upturned nose.

Toy Group

Belgium (Brussels)

Bulldog

The Bulldog is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a large, broad head, distinctive facial wrinkles, and a short, pushed-in muzzle. Its body is compact and low to the ground, with wide shoulders and a pronounced chest. The coat is short, smooth, and fine, coming in a variety of colors including brindle, white, red, fawn, and piebald. Bulldogs have a characteristic loose skin, especially around the head, neck, and shoulders.

Non-Sporting Group

England

Bullmastiff

The Bullmastiff is a large, muscular dog with a solid, powerful build and a broad, wrinkled head. Males typically stand 25–27 inches (64–68 cm) tall and weigh 110–130 pounds (50–59 kg), while females are slightly smaller at 24–26 inches (61–66 cm) and 100–120 pounds (45–54 kg). The breed has a short, dense coat that comes in fawn, red, or brindle, usually with a distinctive black mask. Its imposing appearance is balanced by a calm and confident demeanor.

Working Group

England

Bull Terrier

The Bull Terrier is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a short, dense coat that lies flat against the skin. It is instantly recognizable by its unique, egg-shaped head, small triangular eyes, and erect ears. The breed comes in a variety of colors, including white, brindle, fawn, red, black, and tricolor. Males typically weigh 50 to 70 pounds and stand 21 to 22 inches tall, with females being slightly smaller.

Terrier Group

England

Cairn Terrier

The Cairn Terrier is a small, sturdy dog with a shaggy, weather-resistant double coat that comes in various colors except white. It has a fox-like expression, erect ears, and a bushy tail carried gaily. Males typically weigh around 14 pounds and females about 13 pounds, standing 9.5 to 10 inches at the shoulder. Its compact, well-muscled body and alert stance give it a lively, hardy appearance.

Terrier Group

Scotland (Scottish Highlands and Isle of Skye)

Canaan Dog

The Canaan Dog is a medium-sized, squarely built breed with a wedge-shaped head, erect ears, and a bushy tail that curls over its back. Its double coat consists of a harsh, straight outer layer and a soft undercoat, varying in thickness with the seasons. Common coat colors include shades of cream, brown, black, and white, often with distinctive markings.

Herding Group

Israel, Negev Desert

Cane Corso

The Cane Corso is a large, muscular dog with a robust and athletic build. Males typically stand 25 to 27.5 inches at the shoulder and females 23.5 to 26 inches, with weights ranging from 88 to 110 pounds. The breed has a short, dense coat that comes in black, gray, fawn, red, and brindle. Distinctive features include a broad head, strong jaws, and a powerful, imposing presence.

Working Group

Italy (Puglia region)

Cardigan Welsh Corgi

The Cardigan Welsh Corgi is a small, sturdy dog with a long, low-set body, short legs, and large, upright ears. It has a fox-like face, a bushy tail, and a double coat of medium length that comes in a variety of colors, including red, sable, brindle, black, and blue merle, often with white markings. Males typically weigh 30 to 38 pounds, and females 25 to 34 pounds. The breed is known for its alert expression and distinctive, elongated silhouette.

Herding Group

Wales (Cardiganshire/Ceredigion)

Carolina Dog

The Carolina Dog is a medium-sized breed with a fox-like appearance, featuring a slender build, large upright ears, and a distinctive fishhook-shaped tail. They typically stand between 17.75 to 19.75 inches tall and weigh approximately 30 to 44 pounds. Their short, smooth coat comes in colors such as reddish ginger, buff, fawn, black-and-tan, or piebald.

Foundation Stock Service

United States, Southeastern region (Georgia and South Carolina)

Catahoula Leopard Dog

The Catahoula Leopard Dog is a medium to large, muscular breed with a short to medium-length coat that comes in a variety of colors and distinctive leopard-like spots. Their eyes are striking and may be blue, brown, green, amber, or even two different colors. The breed has a strong, athletic build, reflecting its working heritage, and is known for its agility and endurance.

Foundation Stock Service

United States (Louisiana, Catahoula Parish region)

Caucasian Shepherd Dog

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog is a giant, powerfully built breed with a robust frame and a dense, double-layered coat that can be short, medium, or long. Males typically stand 28 to 35 inches (72–90 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 100 to 220 pounds (45–100 kg), while females are slightly smaller. Their coat comes in various shades including gray, fawn, red, and white, often with a dark facial mask. Distinctive features include a broad head, deep chest, and bushy tail.

Mixed Breed

Caucasus region (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and southern Russia)

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small, elegant toy breed with a graceful, well-balanced build. It stands 12 to 13 inches tall at the shoulder and weighs between 13 to 18 pounds. The breed features a silky, medium-length coat with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and tail, and comes in four recognized color patterns: Blenheim, tricolor, ruby, and black and tan. Its expressive, large dark eyes and gentle expression are distinctive hallmarks.

Toy Group

England

Central Asian Shepherd Dog

The Central Asian Shepherd Dog is a large, powerful breed with a robust, muscular build. Males typically stand 26 to 31 inches (65–78 cm) tall and weigh 110 to 170 pounds (50–79 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a double coat that can be short or moderately long, with colors including white, black, brindle, fawn, and grey. Distinctive features include a massive head, small drop ears (often cropped), and a high-set tail that is sometimes docked.

Mixed Breed

Turkmenistan and surrounding Central Asian regions (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan)

Cesky Terrier

The Cesky Terrier is a small, sturdy dog with a long, silky coat that ranges from charcoal to platinum gray. It has a rectangular body, natural drop ears, and a natural tail. Distinctive features include bushy eyebrows and a beard, giving the breed a charming and expressive appearance. The Cesky Terrier is slightly longer than tall and has a soft, wavy coat that is typically clipped rather than hand-stripped.

Terrier Group

Czech Republic (Bohemia region)

Chesapeake Bay Retriever

The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a large, powerfully built dog with a distinctive double coat that is short, dense, and oily, providing excellent water resistance. The breed stands 21 to 26 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 55 and 80 pounds. Coat colors range from brown to sedge and deadgrass, aiding in camouflage during hunting. Notable features include a broad head, strong jaws, and striking yellow or amber eyes.

Sporting Group

United States (Chesapeake Bay region, Maryland and Virginia)

Chihuahua

The Chihuahua is a tiny, alert dog with a rounded 'apple' head, large upright ears, and expressive, prominent eyes. It comes in two coat types: smooth and long, both of which can be found in a wide variety of colors and patterns. The breed has a compact, well-balanced body and a distinctive, graceful gait. Despite its small size, the Chihuahua is sturdy and elegant, with a lively expression.

Toy Group

Mexico (state of Chihuahua)

Chinese Crested

The Chinese Crested is a small, fine-boned dog standing 11 to 13 inches tall and weighing 8 to 12 pounds. The breed comes in two varieties: Hairless, with smooth skin and tufts of hair on the head, tail, and feet; and Powderpuff, which is covered in a soft, straight, double coat. Both varieties have large, erect ears and expressive almond-shaped eyes. Their unique appearance and elegant build make them easily recognizable.

Toy Group

China

Chinese Shar-Pei

The Chinese Shar-Pei is a medium-sized, compact dog recognized for its loose, deeply wrinkled skin and distinctive 'hippopotamus' muzzle. It has a short, harsh, bristly coat that comes in a variety of solid colors. The breed features small, triangular ears, a broad, flat head, and a high-set, curled tail. Adults typically stand 17.5 to 20 inches at the shoulder and weigh between 40 and 65 pounds.

Non-Sporting Group

China (Guangdong Province, specifically the area around Tai Li village)

Chinook

The Chinook is a large, muscular dog with a balanced, athletic build. It stands 21 to 27 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 50 and 90 pounds. The breed has a dense, medium-length double coat in shades of tawny, with darker markings on the ears and muzzle. Distinctive features include a saber-shaped tail, brown to amber eyes, and dropped or variable ear carriage.

Working Group

United States (Wonalancet, New Hampshire)

Chow Chow

The Chow Chow is a medium to large-sized dog with a sturdy, square build and a broad skull. It features small, triangular ears with rounded tips, a distinctive blue-black tongue, and a dense double coat that can be either rough or smooth. The breed's prominent ruff around the neck gives it a lion-like appearance. Coat colors include red, black, blue, cinnamon, and cream.

Non-Sporting Group

China (Northern regions, including Mongolia and Siberia)

Cirneco dell'Etna

The Cirneco dell'Etna is a medium-sized, slender yet muscular dog with a square outline and elegant build. It has a fine, short coat that ranges from light sand to dark tan, and large, erect ears that give it an alert expression. The breed is agile and graceful, with a long, tapering tail and a keen, attentive demeanor. Its overall appearance is reminiscent of ancient Mediterranean hunting dogs.

Hound Group

Italy (Sicily, Mount Etna region)

Clumber Spaniel

The Clumber Spaniel is the largest of the spaniel breeds, with a long, low, and heavy build. Males typically stand 18–20 inches (46–51 cm) tall and weigh 70–85 pounds (32–39 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a dense, straight, and silky white coat with lemon or orange markings, a massive head with a broad, square muzzle, deep-set eyes, and large, vine-leaf-shaped ears. Its distinctive rolling gait and substantial bone structure set it apart from other spaniels.

Sporting Group

England (Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire)

Cocker Spaniel

The Cocker Spaniel is a small to medium-sized dog with a sturdy, compact build. Males typically stand 14.5 to 15.5 inches tall and weigh between 25 to 30 pounds, while females are slightly smaller, standing 13.5 to 14.5 inches tall and weighing 20 to 25 pounds. They possess a long, silky coat that comes in various colors, including solid black, red, and combinations like black and white. Their expressive eyes and long, floppy ears contribute to their distinctive and appealing appearance.

Sporting Group

United Kingdom, England

Collie

The Collie is a large, athletic dog with a graceful, wedge-shaped head, expressive almond-shaped eyes, and a long, tapering muzzle. It comes in two coat varieties: Rough, with a long, dense, and straight double coat, and Smooth, with a short, dense, and flat coat. Common colors include sable and white, tricolor, blue merle, and white. Collies are well-balanced, elegant, and known for their distinctive, gentle expression.

Herding Group

Scotland and Northern England

Coton de Tulear

The Coton de Tulear is a small, sturdy dog with a long, cotton-like white coat that is soft to the touch. The breed has dark, expressive eyes, a lively and intelligent expression, and triangular ears covered with long hair. Its tail is carried over the back when in motion, and the overall appearance is charming and elegant. Slight shadings of gray or tan may be present on the ears or body.

Non-Sporting Group

Madagascar (Tulear region)

Croatian Sheepdog

The Croatian Sheepdog is a medium-sized, rectangular-shaped herding breed with a predominantly black, wavy or curly coat. The head and legs have shorter hair, while the body is covered in longer fur. The breed typically stands 16 to 21 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 29 and 44 pounds. Distinctive features include a lively expression, pricked or semi-erect ears, and a traditionally docked tail, though undocked tails are curled over the back.

Mixed Breed

Croatia (Slavonia region)

Curly-Coated Retriever

The Curly-Coated Retriever is a large, athletic dog distinguished by its tight, crisp curls covering the body, with a smooth face and front legs. Males typically stand 25 to 27 inches tall and weigh 80 to 100 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The coat is water-resistant and comes in solid black or liver. The breed has a graceful, slightly elongated head and a deep chest, giving it a distinctive and elegant appearance.

Sporting Group

United Kingdom (England)

Czechoslovakian Vlcak

The Czechoslovakian Vlcak is a large, athletic dog with a rectangular frame and a striking resemblance to the Carpathian wolf. Males typically stand 26 inches (65 cm) at the shoulder and weigh around 66 pounds (30 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed features a straight, dense coat in shades of yellowish-grey to silver-grey, with a characteristic light facial mask and erect, triangular ears. Its overall appearance is powerful, agile, and elegant, with a long, bushy tail and expressive amber eyes.

Miscellaneous Class

Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic and Slovakia)

Dachshund

The Dachshund is a low-to-ground, long-bodied, and short-legged dog with robust muscular development. It comes in three coat types: smooth, long-haired, and wire-haired, each with various color patterns. The breed's distinctive features include a deep chest, prominent breastbone, and a slightly curved tail.

Hound Group

Germany

Dalmatian

The Dalmatian is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a sleek, short coat that is predominantly white with well-defined black or liver-colored spots. Males typically stand between 22–24 inches (55–60 cm) tall and weigh 45–70 pounds (20–32 kg), while females are slightly smaller at 20–22 inches (51–56 cm) and 36–53 pounds (16–24 kg). Their distinctive spots usually range from 0.8 to 2.4 inches (2–6 cm) in diameter and are evenly distributed across the body.

Non-Sporting Group

Croatia, Dalmatia region

Dandie Dinmont Terrier

The Dandie Dinmont Terrier is a small, elongated dog with short legs and a distinctive domed head topped by a silky topknot. Its coat is a unique mixture of hard and soft hairs, coming in 'pepper' (blue-gray to silver) or 'mustard' (pale fawn to reddish brown) colors. The breed stands 8 to 11 inches (20 to 28 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 18 to 24 pounds (8 to 11 kg). Its long, low body and expressive eyes give it a distinctive and charming appearance.

Terrier Group

Scotland (Cheviot Hills, border region with England)

Danish-Swedish Farmdog

The Danish-Swedish Farmdog is a small, compact, and slightly rectangular breed. They have a short, smooth coat that is predominantly white with patches of various colors, including black, brown, and tan. Males typically stand between 12.5 to 14.5 inches (32 to 37 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller. Their expressive eyes and alert ears contribute to their keen and friendly expression.

Working Group

Denmark and Sweden, particularly the region of Scania (Skåne) in southern Sweden

Deutscher Wachtelhund

The Deutscher Wachtelhund is a medium-sized, muscular gundog with a strong bone structure and a long, thick, wavy coat. Males stand 18.9–21.3 inches (48–54 cm) at the withers, while females are 17.7–20.5 inches (45–52 cm). The breed typically weighs 40–55 pounds (18–25 kg). Coat colors include solid brown or red, and brown or red roan, often with white markings on the chest and legs.

Mixed Breed

Germany (Bavaria)

Doberman Pinscher

The Doberman Pinscher is a large, athletic dog with a sleek, muscular build and a proud, noble stance. Males typically stand 26 to 28 inches tall and weigh 75 to 100 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 24 to 26 inches and 60 to 90 pounds. The breed has a short, smooth coat that comes in black, red, blue, or fawn, all with distinctive rust markings. Notable features include a wedge-shaped head, alert expression, and traditionally cropped ears and docked tail, though these practices vary by country.

Working Group

Germany (Apolda, Thuringia)

Dogo Argentino

The Dogo Argentino is a large, muscular dog with a short, smooth, completely white coat, though a single dark patch near the eye is permitted. Males typically stand 24 to 26.5 inches (61–67 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 80 to 100 pounds (36–45 kg), with females slightly smaller. The breed is known for its athletic build, strong jaw, and expressive, alert face. Its powerful physique and distinctive white coloration make it easily recognizable.

Working Group

Argentina (Córdoba province)

Dogue de Bordeaux

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a giant, muscular dog with a powerful and imposing build. It features a massive, broad head with deep wrinkles and a short, smooth coat that ranges in shades of fawn from light tan to dark mahogany. Males typically stand 23 to 27 inches tall and weigh between 110 to 150 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its expressive face, pronounced jowls, and strong, athletic body.

Working Group

France (Bordeaux region)

Drentsche Patrijshond

The Drentsche Patrijshond is a medium-sized, well-proportioned dog with a dense, straight, water-resistant coat that is predominantly white with brown markings. The breed features longer feathering on the ears, fore-chest, and tail, giving it a distinctive and elegant appearance. Males typically stand 23-25 inches (58-63 cm) at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. The breed has a strong, athletic build suited for versatile field work.

Foundation Stock Service

Netherlands (Province of Drenthe)

Drever

The Drever is a robust, short-legged scenthound with a long, muscular body and a thick, tapering tail. Its coat is short, harsh, and close-lying, coming in any color with white markings except solid white or liver brown. The breed has medium-length, broad ears that hang close to the cheeks, and a sturdy, athletic build. Males typically stand 12.5 to 15 inches (32–38 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

Sweden

Dutch Shepherd

The Dutch Shepherd is a medium-sized, well-muscled dog with a balanced and powerful structure. They exhibit three coat types: short, long, and rough, all featuring a brindle pattern that ranges from gold to silver hues. Their intelligent expression and lively temperament are complemented by a natural and relaxed carriage.

Herding Group

Netherlands

English Cocker Spaniel

The English Cocker Spaniel is a medium-sized, sturdy, and well-balanced dog. Males typically stand between 16 to 17 inches at the withers, weighing 28 to 34 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 15 to 16 inches tall and weighing 26 to 32 pounds. They possess a medium-length, silky coat with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and tail. Coat colors vary widely, including solid shades like black, liver, red, and golden, as well as combinations such as blue roan, orange roan, and tricolor.

Sporting Group

England

English Foxhound

The English Foxhound is a large, athletic hound with a muscular build, straight-boned legs, and a level back. It stands 23 to 25 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 55 and 75 pounds. The breed has a short, dense, and hard coat that comes in various hound colors, typically black, white, and tan. Its appearance is distinguished by a noble head, long ears, and a deep chest built for stamina and endurance.

Hound Group

England

English Setter

The English Setter is an elegant, medium-to-large sporting dog with a graceful, athletic build. It features a flat, silky, medium-length coat with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and tail. The breed is known for its unique 'belton' coat pattern, which consists of white fur intermingled with blue, orange, lemon, or liver markings. Males typically stand 25 to 27 inches tall and weigh 65 to 80 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Sporting Group

England

English Springer Spaniel

The English Springer Spaniel is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a balanced, muscular build. It has a moderately long, flat or wavy coat with feathering on the legs, chest, and tail, typically in liver and white or black and white color combinations. The breed features expressive eyes, long pendant ears, and a gentle, alert expression. Its overall appearance is both elegant and functional, suited for active work in the field.

Sporting Group

England (Norfolk and Shropshire regions)

English Toy Spaniel

The English Toy Spaniel is a small, compact breed with a domed head, short nose, large dark eyes, and long, heavily feathered ears. It stands about 9 to 10 inches tall and weighs between 9 to 12 pounds. The breed has a long, silky, wavy coat that comes in four color varieties: Blenheim (red and white), Prince Charles (tricolor), Ruby (solid red), and King Charles (black and tan). Its distinctive features include a flat face and a gentle, expressive appearance.

Toy Group

England

Entlebucher Mountain Dog

The Entlebucher Mountain Dog is a sturdy, medium-sized breed with a compact, muscular build. It has a short, dense double coat that is predominantly black with symmetrical white and rich fawn to mahogany markings. The breed features a broad, flat head, small triangular ears, and expressive, almond-shaped brown eyes. Males typically stand 17–21 inches tall and females 16–20 inches, with a weight range of 40 to 65 pounds.

Herding Group

Switzerland (Entlebuch Valley, canton of Lucerne)

Estrela Mountain Dog

The Estrela Mountain Dog is a large, powerful breed with a rustic and substantial build. It comes in two coat varieties: long and short, both of which are dense and slightly coarse, with accepted colors including fawn, wolf gray, and brindle, often featuring a dark facial mask. Males typically stand 25.5–28.5 inches (65–73 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 99–132 pounds (45–60 kg), while females are slightly smaller. Distinctive features include a deep chest, bushy tail, and an alert, expressive face.

Mixed Breed

Portugal (Serra da Estrela region)

Eurasier

The Eurasier is a medium-sized, well-balanced Spitz-type dog with a thick double coat that comes in a variety of colors, except pure white, white patches, or liver. It has a bushy tail carried over its back, dark almond-shaped eyes, and erect ears. Males typically stand 20.5–23.5 inches (52–60 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 50–70 pounds (23–32 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed’s appearance is marked by its harmonious proportions and expressive face.

Mixed Breed

Germany

Field Spaniel

The Field Spaniel is a medium-sized, well-balanced sporting dog with a noble and refined appearance. It stands about 18 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 35 to 50 pounds. The breed features a medium-long, flat or slightly wavy coat in solid colors such as black, liver, golden liver, roan, or mahogany, with feathering on the chest, belly, ears, and legs. Its expressive brown eyes and overall symmetry give it a dignified and gentle look.

Sporting Group

England

Finnish Lapphund

The Finnish Lapphund is a medium-sized, strongly built dog with a profuse double coat, pricked ears, and a distinctive mane-like ruff around the neck. Males typically stand 18 to 21 inches at the shoulder, while females range from 16 to 19 inches. Their thick, weather-resistant coat comes in a variety of colors, often with striking markings. The breed is known for its expressive face and bushy tail that curls over the back.

Herding Group

Finland (Lapland region)

Finnish Spitz

The Finnish Spitz is a medium-sized, squarely built dog with a fox-like expression, erect ears, and a bushy tail that curls over its back. Its dense double coat is golden-red to red-brown, with a soft undercoat and a harsher outer coat. Males typically stand 17.5 to 20 inches (44.5 to 50 cm) tall and weigh 26 to 29 pounds (12 to 13 kg), while females are slightly smaller. Distinctive features include a lively gait and a bright, alert demeanor.

Non-Sporting Group

Finland (northern regions, including Kainuu)

Flat-Coated Retriever

The Flat-Coated Retriever is a large, athletic dog with a distinctive long, 'one-piece' head, dark almond-shaped eyes, and small, close-lying ears. Its coat is thick, flat, and glossy, with feathering on the legs and tail, and comes in solid black or liver. The breed stands 22 to 24.5 inches tall and weighs between 55 and 80 pounds. Its elegant build and cheerful expression are hallmarks of the breed.

Sporting Group

England

French Bulldog

The French Bulldog is a small, muscular companion dog with a compact build, smooth coat, and a short, flat face. Its most distinctive features are its large, upright 'bat ears' and rounded, expressive eyes. French Bulldogs typically weigh between 16 to 28 pounds and stand about 11 to 12 inches tall at the shoulder. Their appearance is both sturdy and charming, with a short, easy-care coat.

Non-Sporting Group

France (Paris region)

French Spaniel

The French Spaniel is a medium to large-sized dog with a muscular build, deep chest, and strong legs. It stands approximately 22 to 24 inches (56 to 61 cm) at the shoulder and weighs between 50 to 60 pounds (23 to 27 kg). The breed has a dense, weather-resistant, medium-length coat that is predominantly white with brown markings and feathering on the ears, chest, underbelly, and legs. Its tail is thick at the base, tapering to a point, and is adorned with fringe.

Mixed Breed

France

German Longhaired Pointer

The German Longhaired Pointer is a large, athletic dog with a muscular build and a noble, slightly rounded head. Its medium-length coat is dense, slightly wavy but not curly, and features feathering on the ears, tail, and legs. The breed typically stands 24–28 inches (60–70 cm) at the shoulder and weighs around 66 pounds (30 kg). Coat colors include solid brown, brown roan, or brown and white combinations.

Mixed Breed

Germany

German Pinscher

The German Pinscher is a medium-sized, squarely built dog with a strong, elegant appearance. It has a smooth, short coat that lies close to the body and comes in colors such as black and rust, fawn, red, and blue and tan. The breed features a powerful, elongated head, dark oval eyes, and either cropped or natural V-shaped ears. Its overall impression is one of athleticism, alertness, and refinement.

Working Group

Germany (southern regions)

German Shepherd Dog

The German Shepherd Dog is a large, well-muscled breed with a strong, agile build. Males stand 24 to 26 inches at the shoulder and females 22 to 24 inches. They have a dense double coat, which may be medium or long, most commonly in tan with a black saddle, sable, or solid black. Distinctive features include a domed forehead, erect ears, and a bushy tail.

Herding Group

Germany (Thuringia and Württemberg regions)

German Shorthaired Pointer

The German Shorthaired Pointer is a medium to large-sized, athletic dog with a balanced and symmetrical build. Males stand 23 to 25 inches at the shoulder, females 21 to 23 inches. The breed has a short, dense, water-resistant coat that is typically liver, liver and white, or liver roan. Distinctive features include a broad head, almond-shaped eyes, and a docked tail carried horizontally.

Sporting Group

Germany

German Spitz

The German Spitz is a compact, well-proportioned dog with a fox-like head, high-set triangular ears, and a tail that curls over the back. It has a profuse double coat, with a soft, woolly undercoat and a long, harsh, straight outer coat. The breed comes in a variety of colors, including white, black, brown, orange, and grey-shaded. Its lively expression and abundant coat give it a distinctive, alert appearance.

Mixed Breed

Germany

German Wirehaired Pointer

The German Wirehaired Pointer is a medium to large-sized, well-muscled dog with a distinctive harsh, wiry, weather-resistant coat and prominent facial furnishings. Males stand 24 to 26 inches at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller, not under 22 inches. The coat is liver and white, often with ticking or roaning, and provides protection in rough terrain and cold water. The breed has a strong, athletic build and an alert, expressive face.

Sporting Group

Germany

Giant Schnauzer

The Giant Schnauzer is a large, powerful dog with a robust, muscular build. It stands 23.5 to 27.5 inches tall and weighs between 55 and 95 pounds. The breed features a dense, wiry double coat in solid black or salt-and-pepper, with distinctive bushy eyebrows and a prominent beard. Its alert expression and strong, square frame give it a commanding presence.

Working Group

Germany (Bavaria and Württemberg)

Glen of Imaal Terrier

The Glen of Imaal Terrier is a sturdy, medium-sized terrier with a body longer than its height, standing 12.5 to 14 inches at the shoulder and weighing about 32 to 40 pounds. It has a harsh, medium-length double coat that comes in wheaten, blue, or brindle. The breed features a large head, rose or half-prick ears, bowed front legs, and turned-out feet, giving it a distinctive, powerful appearance. Its overall build is strong and low to the ground, suited for work in rugged terrain.

Terrier Group

Ireland (Glen of Imaal, County Wicklow)

Golden Retriever

The Golden Retriever is a large, well-balanced, and powerful dog with a dense, water-repellent double coat that ranges from light to dark golden in color. It has a broad head, friendly and intelligent eyes, and a straight muzzle. The breed is known for its feathered tail, strong neck, and muscular build, giving it an athletic yet gentle appearance. Males typically stand 23–24 inches (58–61 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 65–75 pounds (29–34 kg), while females are slightly smaller.

Sporting Group

United Kingdom (Scotland, specifically the Highlands)

Gordon Setter

The Gordon Setter is a large, athletic dog with a striking black and tan coat that is soft, wavy, and feathered. Males typically stand 24 to 27 inches tall and weigh 55 to 80 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its sturdy build, expressive dark eyes, and elegant, well-feathered tail. Its overall appearance is both powerful and graceful, reflecting its heritage as a field dog.

Sporting Group

Scotland (Moray region)

Grand Basset Griffon Vendeen

Grand Basset Griffon Vendéens possess a distinctive rough coat and long ears characteristic of French hunting hounds. Standing 39-45cm at the shoulder with a sturdy build, these dogs feature a noble head carriage and alert expression. Their outgoing and happy temperament combines with an independent streak, while their rough double coat requires regular maintenance for optimal condition.

Hound Group

Unknown

Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen

The Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen is a medium-sized, long-backed, short-legged scenthound with a rough, tousled coat. It features a deep chest, long muzzle, and expressive, bushy eyebrows. The coat is harsh and straight, typically requiring regular grooming to prevent matting. Distinctive features include its long, low body and lively, alert expression.

Hound Group

France (Vendée region)

Great Dane

The Great Dane is a giant breed known for its imposing stature and elegant, well-muscled build. Males stand at least 30 inches at the shoulder, while females are a minimum of 28 inches tall. They have a short, smooth coat that comes in a variety of colors, including fawn, brindle, black, blue, harlequin, and mantle. Distinctive features include a long, rectangular head, expressive eyes, and a regal, dignified presence.

Working Group

Germany

Greater Swiss Mountain Dog

The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is a large, sturdy breed with a dense double coat that is predominantly black with symmetrical rust and white markings. Males stand 25.5 to 28.5 inches at the shoulder, while females are 23.5 to 27 inches. Their weight ranges from 85 to 140 pounds. Distinctive features include a broad head, a white blaze on the face, a white chest, and rust-colored spots above the eyes.

Working Group

Switzerland (Alpine regions)

Great Pyrenees

The Great Pyrenees is a large, majestic dog with a thick, weather-resistant white double coat, sometimes marked with shades of gray, badger, reddish-brown, or tan. They have a strong, muscular build, a broad chest, and a bushy tail that often curls over their back. Their expressive dark eyes and gentle demeanor contribute to their noble and imposing appearance. Males typically stand taller and heavier than females, with a powerful yet graceful presence.

Working Group

France (Pyrenees Mountains)

Greyhound

Greyhounds are large, slender dogs characterized by their streamlined bodies, deep chests, and long, muscular legs. They possess a narrow head with a long muzzle, dark eyes, and small, rose-shaped ears. Their short, smooth coat comes in a variety of colors, including black, red, white, blue, fawn, fallow, brindle, or any of these colors with white. Males typically stand between 28 to 30 inches tall and weigh 65 to 70 pounds, while females are slightly smaller, standing 27 to 28 inches tall and weighing 60 to 65 pounds.

Hound Group

Egypt

Hamiltonstovare

The Hamiltonstovare is a well-proportioned, medium-sized scent hound with a muscular build and a distinctive tri-color coat of black, tan, and white. Males typically stand 21–24 inches (53–61 cm) at the shoulder and females 19–22 inches (49–57 cm), with a weight range of 50–60 pounds (23–27 kg). The breed features a short, dense, weather-resistant coat, a white blaze on the head, white neck, four white paws, and a white tail tip. Its overall appearance is athletic and balanced, reflecting its hunting heritage.

Mixed Breed

Sweden

Hanoverian Scenthound

The Hanoverian Scenthound is a medium-sized, powerful, and well-proportioned breed with a broad, slightly rounded skull and pronounced stop. It has high-set, broad, smooth ears that hang close to the head, and a short, thick, coarse coat that ranges from light to dark reddish fawn, often with brindling and sometimes a mask. Males typically stand 19.5 to 21.5 inches (50–55 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 66–88 pounds (30–40 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its robust build and keen, expressive eyes.

Mixed Breed

Germany (Hanover region)

Harrier

The Harrier is a medium-sized hound resembling a smaller English Foxhound, standing 19 to 21 inches at the shoulder and weighing 40 to 60 pounds. It has a muscular, athletic build, a broad skull, strong square muzzle, and pendant ears. The coat is short, dense, and comes in various color patterns, most commonly tricolor or white with patches. Distinctive features include a well-balanced frame and an alert, friendly expression.

Hound Group

England (Yorkshire)

Havanese

The Havanese is a small, sturdy dog with a slightly longer-than-tall body and a lively, springy gait. They have a long, silky, wavy double coat that comes in a wide variety of colors. Their expressive eyes, plumed tail carried over the back, and overall charming appearance make them distinctive. Adult Havanese typically stand 8.5 to 11.5 inches tall and weigh 7 to 13 pounds.

Toy Group

Cuba (Havana)

Hokkaido

The Hokkaido is a medium-sized, spitz-type breed with a sturdy build, small triangular upright ears, and a thick double coat. Coat colors include red, white, black, brindle, sesame, and wolf-gray. Males typically stand about 19.5 inches (50 cm) tall at the withers and weigh around 44 pounds (20 kg), with females being slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

Japan, Hokkaido region

Hovawart

The Hovawart is a large, powerful, and slightly elongated working dog with a long, dense coat that comes in black and tan, blond, or black. Males stand 24.8 to 27.6 inches (63–70 cm) at the shoulder, while females are 22.8 to 25.6 inches (58–65 cm). The breed is well-muscled, with a strong head, expressive eyes, and a bushy tail. Distinct sexual dimorphism is evident in both head shape and body structure.

Mixed Breed

Germany (Harz and Black Forest regions)

Ibizan Hound

The Ibizan Hound is a medium-sized, slender, and athletic dog known for its deer-like elegance. It possesses large, erect ears and a long, narrow head. The breed comes in two coat types: smooth and wire-haired, both of which are hard in texture. Coat colors include white or red, either solid or in combination.

Hound Group

Spain, Balearic Islands

Icelandic Sheepdog

The Icelandic Sheepdog is a medium-sized, spitz-type breed with a thick, weather-resistant double coat that can be either short or long. Its coat comes in various shades including tan, reddish-brown, chocolate, gray, and black, often with white markings. The breed is distinguished by its erect ears, expressive face, and a bushy tail that curls over the back. Icelandic Sheepdogs are sturdy, agile, and well-suited to rugged terrain.

Herding Group

Iceland

Irish Red and White Setter

The Irish Red and White Setter is a large, athletic dog with a balanced, graceful build. It features a distinctive silky coat of white with solid red patches, feathering on the legs, chest, and tail, and expressive dark eyes. Males typically stand 24.5 to 26 inches tall and females 22.5 to 24 inches, with a weight range of 50 to 70 pounds. The breed is known for its elegant appearance and alert, friendly expression.

Sporting Group

Ireland (County Monaghan)

Irish Setter

The Irish Setter is a large, elegant dog with a lean, athletic build and a distinctive, silky, chestnut-red coat. It stands 24 to 28 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 55 and 75 pounds. The breed features a long, refined head, expressive dark eyes, and long, feathered ears. Its flowing coat and graceful movement make it easily recognizable.

Sporting Group

Ireland

Irish Terrier

The Irish Terrier is a medium-sized, active, and graceful dog with a dense, wiry, and weather-resistant coat that is typically bright red, golden red, or red wheaten. It stands about 18 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 25 and 27 pounds. Distinctive features include a long, flat head, small V-shaped ears that fold forward, and dark brown, expressive eyes. The breed is known for its elegant build and keen, alert expression.

Terrier Group

Ireland (County Cork)

Irish Water Spaniel

The Irish Water Spaniel is a large, athletic dog with a dense, tightly curled liver-colored coat and a distinctive 'rat tail' that is smooth and hairless except at the base. It stands 22 to 24 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 55 and 65 pounds. The breed features a prominent topknot of loose curls on the head and webbed feet, which aid in swimming. Its waterproof coat and unique tail set it apart from other spaniels.

Sporting Group

Ireland (Dublin)

Irish Wolfhound

The Irish Wolfhound is a giant, muscular sighthound and the tallest of all dog breeds, standing at least 30 inches at the shoulder. It has a long, slightly arched neck, a deep chest, and a rough, wiry coat that comes in colors such as gray, brindle, red, black, white, and fawn. The breed's head is long and narrow with small, rose-shaped ears and expressive eyes. Its overall appearance is commanding yet graceful, combining power with elegance.

Hound Group

Ireland (notably Dublin and Wicklow regions)

Italian Greyhound

The Italian Greyhound is a slender, elegant sighthound standing 13 to 15 inches tall and weighing 7 to 14 pounds. It has a fine-boned, graceful build with a deep chest, long neck, and a tucked-up abdomen. The breed's short, smooth coat comes in a variety of colors, including black, grey, and isabelline. Its refined head, expressive eyes, and long, tapering tail contribute to its aristocratic appearance.

Toy Group

Italy

Jagdterrier

The Jagdterrier is a small, compact, and well-proportioned working terrier. It typically stands 13 to 16 inches (33 to 40 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 16 to 22 pounds (7.5 to 10 kg). The breed has a dense, harsh, and wiry coat, usually black and tan with distinctive tan markings on the eyebrows, muzzle, chest, legs, and under the tail. Its keen expression, athletic build, and bushy tail are notable features.

Mixed Breed

Germany

Japanese Chin

The Japanese Chin is a small, elegant dog with a distinctive appearance. They typically stand about 8 to 11 inches (20 to 28 cm) tall at the shoulder and weigh between 4 to 9 pounds (1.8 to 4.1 kg). Their broad, rounded heads feature large, wide-set dark eyes and a very short, broad muzzle. The breed's profuse, silky coat comes in black and white, red and white, or tricolor (black and white with tan points). Their plumed tails arch over their backs, adding to their graceful demeanor.

Toy Group

China

Japanese Spitz

The Japanese Spitz is a small to medium-sized dog with a pure white, double-layered coat that stands off the body. They have a moderately broad and rounded skull, a pointed muzzle, and small, triangular, pricked ears set high on the head. Their dark, almond-shaped eyes and black nose contrast sharply with their white fur. The tail is long, heavily covered with long fur, and is carried curled over the back.

Mixed Breed

Japan

Jindo

The Jindo is a medium-sized, spitz-type dog with a well-proportioned, athletic build, erect triangular ears, and a curled tail. It has a double coat with a harsh, straight outer layer and a soft undercoat, coming in colors such as red fawn, white, black, black and tan, wolf grey, and brindle. Males typically stand 19.5 to 21 inches at the shoulder and weigh 40 to 50 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its keen expression and alert, dignified appearance.

Mixed Breed

South Korea (Jindo Island)

Kai Ken

The Kai Ken is a medium-sized, spitz-type dog with a well-balanced and athletic build. It features a double coat of medium length, with a coarse outer layer and a dense, soft undercoat. The breed is most notable for its striking brindle coat, which can be black, red, or a mix of both, and its triangular, upright ears. Males typically stand 18 to 22 inches at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller.

Foundation Stock Service

Japan (Yamanashi Prefecture, formerly Kai Province)

Karelian Bear Dog

The Karelian Bear Dog is a medium-sized, sturdy Spitz-type breed with a slightly longer body than height. It features a dense double coat of straight, stiff guard hairs and a soft, thick undercoat, predominantly black with distinct white markings on the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and legs. The breed has small, erect ears and dark brown, oval-shaped eyes, giving it an alert and keen expression. Males typically stand 21–23.5 inches (54–60 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly shorter.

Foundation Stock Service

Finland (Karelia region)

Keeshond

The Keeshond is a medium-sized, well-balanced dog with a plush, double-layered coat of silver and black fur. It features a lion-like mane around the neck, a fox-like face with small, pointed ears, and a richly plumed tail that curls over the back. The breed is known for its expressive eyes, accentuated by unique 'spectacles'—shadings and markings around the eyes that resemble glasses.

Non-Sporting Group

Netherlands

Kerry Blue Terrier

The Kerry Blue Terrier is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a distinctive soft, wavy coat that ranges in shades of blue-gray. Puppies are born black, with their coat color transitioning to blue by approximately 18 months of age. The breed features a long head, V-shaped ears that fold forward, and a keen, alert expression. Males typically stand 18.5 to 20 inches tall and weigh 33 to 40 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Terrier Group

Ireland (County Kerry)

Kishu Ken

The Kishu Ken is a medium-sized, muscular, spitz-type dog with a sturdy and athletic build. Males typically stand between 19 to 22 inches (49–55 cm) tall at the shoulder, while females range from 17 to 19 inches (43–49 cm). Their weight varies from 30 to 60 pounds (14–27 kg). The breed features a fox-like face with erect, high-set ears and large, expressive eyes. Their tail is curled and carried over the back, a signature feature of spitz breeds. The coat is short, straight, and dense, with an undercoat that is soft and thick. Accepted coat colors include white, red, sesame, and black & tan, with white being the most prevalent.

Foundation Stock Service

Japan (Kii Peninsula, encompassing present-day Mie and Wakayama Prefectures)

Komondor

The Komondor is a large, muscular dog with a distinctive white corded coat that resembles dreadlocks. Males stand at least 27.5 inches tall and weigh over 100 pounds, while females are at least 25.5 inches tall and weigh over 80 pounds. Their unique coat provides protection from harsh weather and predators, allowing them to blend seamlessly with the sheep they traditionally guarded.

Working Group

Hungary

Kromfohrlander

The Kromfohrlander is a medium-sized companion dog with a well-proportioned, athletic build. It comes in two coat types: rough-haired, which is dense and wiry with a distinct beard, and smooth-haired, which is soft and close-lying without a beard. The breed is predominantly white with brown markings that range from light to dark. Its expressive face, moderate size, and lively demeanor make it distinctive among companion breeds.

Foundation Stock Service

Germany (Siegerland region, North Rhine-Westphalia)

Kuvasz

The Kuvasz is a large, muscular dog with a sturdy build and a dense, double coat that is always white. Males typically stand 28 to 30 inches (71–76 cm) tall and weigh 100 to 115 pounds (45–52 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The outer coat is medium-coarse and can be wavy or straight, and the breed features almond-shaped dark brown eyes, V-shaped ears, and a long, furry tail. Its imposing presence and elegant appearance are complemented by its strength and agility.

Working Group

Hungary

Labrador Retriever

Labrador Retrievers are medium to large-sized dogs with a strong, athletic build. They possess a short, dense, water-resistant double coat that comes in three primary colors: black, yellow, and chocolate. Their broad head, expressive eyes, and 'otter' tail contribute to their friendly and approachable appearance.

Sporting Group

Canada, Newfoundland

Lagotto Romagnolo

The Lagotto Romagnolo is a sturdy, small to medium-sized dog with a rustic, square build. It features a dense, curly, and woolly coat that is water-resistant, covering the entire body including the head and ears. Coat colors include off-white, brown, orange, or combinations with roaning or white markings. Males typically stand 17–19 inches (43–48 cm) tall and weigh 29–35 lbs (13–16 kg), while females are slightly smaller.

Sporting Group

Italy (Romagna region, including Comacchio and Ravenna)

Lakeland Terrier

The Lakeland Terrier is a small, sturdy dog standing about 14 to 15 inches (35.6 to 38.1 cm) tall and weighing between 12 to 17 pounds (5.4 to 7.7 kg). It has a dense, wiry double coat that comes in various colors, including black, blue, liver, red, and wheaten. The breed features a narrow chest, broad muzzle, small V-shaped ears, and dark, oval-shaped eyes, contributing to its alert and confident expression.

Terrier Group

United Kingdom (Lake District, England)

Lancashire Heeler

The Lancashire Heeler is a small, sturdy dog with a compact, elongated body and a lively, alert expression. Standing 10 to 12 inches at the shoulder and weighing 13 to 17 pounds, it features a dense, weather-resistant double coat, most commonly in black and tan or liver and tan. Distinctive features include its expressive face and characteristic 'smile.'

Herding Group

England (Ormskirk, West Lancashire)

Lapponian Herder

The Lapponian Herder is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a body length greater than its height. It has a dense double coat that is medium to long, typically black, greyish, or brown with lighter markings on the head, chest, and legs. The breed features a slightly convex skull, oval dark eyes, mid-length erect ears, and a bushy tail set low. Its coat and build are well-suited for harsh Arctic climates.

Mixed Breed

Finland (Lapland region)

Leonberger

The Leonberger is a giant, muscular dog with a balanced and imposing presence. It features a thick, dense double coat that is long and coarse, with a distinctive mane around the neck and chest and feathering on the legs and tail. Coat colors range from yellow, red, reddish-brown, to sandy, always with a black mask. Males typically stand 28 to 31.5 inches (71 to 80 cm) at the shoulder and weigh around 110 to 170 pounds (50 to 77 kg), while females are slightly smaller.

Working Group

Germany (Leonberg, Baden-Württemberg)

Lhasa Apso

The Lhasa Apso is a small, sturdy dog with a rectangular outline and a dense, long, straight double coat that comes in a variety of colors. The breed features a heavily furnished head with a fall of hair over the eyes, a beard, and whiskers. Its tail is feathered and carried over the back, and the overall appearance is one of elegance and alertness. Lhasa Apsos typically stand low to the ground and are well-balanced for their size.

Non-Sporting Group

Tibet (Lhasa region)

Lowchen

Graceful and spirited, the Löwchen showcases a distinctive lion-like appearance with a flowing mane and clipped hindquarters. Their compact, well-proportioned body carries an elegant bearing, complemented by dark, expressive eyes and a proud head carriage. The breed's confident and affectionate nature makes them exceptional companions, combining regal appearance with a playful, loving temperament.

Non-Sporting Group

Unknown

Löwchen

The Löwchen is a compact, well-balanced small dog with a slightly off-square build. It stands 10 to 13 inches (25 to 33 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 9 to 18 pounds (4 to 8 kg). The breed has a long, flowing coat that comes in a variety of colors and is often trimmed in a traditional 'lion cut,' leaving the hindquarters and part of the tail shaved. Its expressive face, round eyes, and pendant ears give it a lively and friendly appearance.

Non-Sporting Group

France

Maltese

The Maltese is a small, compact dog with a square body and a long, flat, silky white coat that hangs close to the ground. It features dark, expressive eyes and black eye rims, which contrast strikingly with its white fur. The tail is carried gracefully over the back, and the breed typically weighs between 4 to 6 pounds and stands about 7 to 9 inches tall. Its elegant appearance and flowing coat are among its most distinctive features.

Toy Group

Malta (Central Mediterranean Basin)

Manchester Terrier

The Manchester Terrier is a small, sleek, and muscular dog with a short, glossy black coat accented by rich mahogany markings. It possesses a wedge-shaped head, small almond-shaped eyes, and a slightly arched neck leading to a gracefully curved topline. The tail tapers to a point and is carried in a slight upward curve.

Terrier Group

England, Manchester

Manchester Terrier (Standard)

The Manchester Terrier is a small, elegant dog with a smooth, short coat that is jet black with rich mahogany markings. The breed has a wedge-shaped head, small almond-shaped eyes, and ears that can be naturally erect, cropped, or button in the Standard variety. The body is slightly longer than tall, with a graceful neck, deep chest, and a tail that tapers to a point.

Terrier Group

England, Manchester

Manchester Terrier (Toy)

The Toy Manchester Terrier is a small, sleek dog with a short, glossy black coat accented by rich mahogany markings. It has a compact, muscular build, standing 10 to 12 inches tall and weighing under 12 pounds. The breed features a long tail and naturally erect ears, contributing to its alert and eager expression.

Toy Group

England, Manchester

Mastiff

The Mastiff is a giant, powerfully built dog with a massive, broad head and a muscular frame. Males stand at least 30 inches (76 cm) tall at the shoulder, while females are at least 27.5 inches (70 cm). Their short, dense coat comes in apricot, fawn, or brindle, always with a black mask, ears, and nose. The breed is known for its imposing presence, deep chest, and dignified expression.

Working Group

England

Miniature American Shepherd

The Miniature American Shepherd is a small, agile herding dog with a medium-length double coat that can be straight or wavy. Coat colors include black, blue merle, red, and red merle, often with white and/or tan markings. Males stand 14 to 18 inches tall and females 13 to 17 inches, with a well-balanced, athletic build. Distinctive features include almond-shaped eyes in various colors and high-set, triangular ears.

Herding Group

United States (California)

Miniature Bull Terrier

The Miniature Bull Terrier is a muscular, well-proportioned dog, identical in appearance to the standard Bull Terrier but smaller in size. It features a distinctive egg-shaped head with a flat top and a Roman nose. The eyes are small, triangular, and set close together, while the ears are naturally erect. The coat is short, fine, and glossy, coming in various colors including white, black, brindle, red, fawn, and tricolor combinations.

Terrier Group

England

Miniature Pinscher

The Miniature Pinscher is a small, sturdy dog standing 10 to 12.5 inches tall and weighing 8 to 10 pounds. It has a sleek, muscular build with a short, smooth coat that comes in colors such as solid red, stag red, black with rust markings, and chocolate with rust markings. The breed is known for its high-stepping, hackney-like gait, erect ears, and alert expression.

Toy Group

Germany

Miniature Schnauzer

The Miniature Schnauzer is a small, sturdy dog with a square build, standing 12 to 14 inches at the shoulder and weighing 11 to 20 pounds. It has a double coat with a wiry outer layer and a soft undercoat, most commonly seen in salt and pepper, black and silver, or solid black. The breed is easily recognized by its bushy eyebrows, prominent beard, and mustache, giving it a distinctive, expressive face. Its overall appearance is alert, robust, and stylish.

Terrier Group

Germany

Mountain Cur

The Mountain Cur is a medium-sized, muscular dog with an athletic build, standing 16 to 26 inches tall and weighing 30 to 60 pounds. It has a short, dense coat that comes in a variety of colors, including black, blue, brindle, brown, red, and yellow, often with white markings. The breed's appearance is functional and rugged, reflecting its working heritage. Its expressive face, strong legs, and sturdy frame are distinctive features.

Mixed Breed

United States (Appalachian regions: Ohio, Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee)

Mudi

The Mudi is a medium-sized, athletic herding dog with a wedge-shaped head, erect ears, and a lively expression. Its coat is wavy or slightly curly, medium in length, and comes in a variety of colors including black, white, fawn, ash, black merle, and brown. Males typically stand 16–18.5 inches tall and weigh 24–29 pounds, while females are 15–17.5 inches tall and weigh 18–24 pounds. The breed is known for its agility, alertness, and distinctive merle coloring.

Herding Group

Hungary

Neapolitan Mastiff

The Neapolitan Mastiff is a giant, powerful dog with a massive frame, loose and heavily wrinkled skin, and a distinctive, imposing presence. Males typically weigh between 150 to 200 pounds, while females range from 110 to 150 pounds. Their short, dense coat comes in colors such as gray, black, mahogany, and tawny. Notable features include a broad head, deep-set eyes, and a pronounced dewlap.

Working Group

Italy (Naples region)

Nederlandse Kooikerhondje

The Nederlandse Kooikerhondje is a small, spaniel-type dog with a medium-length, wavy double coat predominantly white with distinct orange-red patches. Males typically stand 15 to 17 inches tall and weigh 24 to 30 pounds, while females are 14 to 16 inches tall and weigh 20 to 26 pounds. Distinctive features include a well-feathered tail carried level with or above the topline and ears adorned with black hair at the tips, known as 'earrings.'

Sporting Group

Netherlands

Newfoundland

The Newfoundland is a giant, heavily boned dog with a broad head, deep chest, and muscular build. Males typically stand 28 inches (71 cm) tall and weigh 130 to 150 pounds (59 to 68 kg), while females are slightly smaller at 26 inches (66 cm) and 100 to 120 pounds (45 to 54 kg). The breed has a thick, water-resistant double coat that can be black, brown, gray, or black and white (Landseer). Distinctive features include webbed feet and a powerful, well-balanced frame ideal for swimming.

Working Group

Canada (island of Newfoundland)

Norfolk Terrier

The Norfolk Terrier is a compact, sturdy, and energetic small dog with a hard, wiry, and straight coat that comes in shades of red, wheaten, black and tan, or grizzle. It stands 9 to 10 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 11 and 12 pounds. Distinctive features include its drop ears, expressive dark eyes, and a slightly longer back compared to the Norwich Terrier. The breed has a weather-resistant double coat and a fox-like expression.

Terrier Group

United Kingdom (East Anglia, Norfolk region)

Norrbottenspets

The Norrbottenspets is a small, compact, and well-muscled spitz-type dog with a wedge-shaped head, erect ears, and a high-set tail carried in a loose curl over the back. Its double coat is short, hard, and straight with a dense undercoat, typically white with yellow or red/brown markings. The breed stands 16.5 to 18 inches at the shoulder and has an alert, lively expression. Distinctive features include its agile build and keen, attentive demeanor.

Miscellaneous Class

Sweden (Norrbotten region)

Norwegian Buhund

The Norwegian Buhund is a medium-sized, spitz-type dog with a square build, wedge-shaped head, erect ears, and a tightly curled tail carried over the back. Its double coat is thick and weather-resistant, with a soft undercoat and a harsher outer coat, typically in wheaten or black. The breed has a keen, alert expression and a well-balanced, athletic appearance. Males stand slightly taller and heavier than females, but both sexes are sturdy and agile.

Herding Group

Norway (western coastal regions)

Norwegian Elkhound

The Norwegian Elkhound is a medium-sized, sturdy, and squarely built dog with a dense, double-layered coat that is predominantly silver-gray with black-tipped guard hairs. Males typically stand about 20.5 inches tall and weigh around 55 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed features a broad, wedge-shaped head, dark brown eyes, erect pointed ears, and a tightly curled tail carried over the back. Its weather-resistant coat and robust build make it well-suited for harsh climates.

Hound Group

Norway

Norwegian Lundehund

The Norwegian Lundehund is a small, agile Spitz-type dog with several unique physical traits, including six fully developed toes on each foot and highly flexible joints. It has a dense, short double coat that is typically reddish-brown to fallow with black hair tips and white markings, or white with red or dark markings. The breed's pricked ears can be folded shut, and its neck and shoulders are exceptionally flexible, aiding movement in tight spaces. Males stand 13-15 inches tall and weigh 13-16 pounds, with females slightly smaller.

Non-Sporting Group

Norway (Værøy, Lofoten Islands, Arctic Norway)

Norwich Terrier

The Norwich Terrier is a small, sturdy dog with a hard, wiry double coat that is nearly weatherproof. It has a compact build, erect pointed ears, and a fox-like expression. Coat colors include red, wheaten, black and tan, or grizzle. Adults typically weigh 10 to 12 pounds and stand about 10 inches tall at the shoulder.

Terrier Group

United Kingdom (East Anglia, England; specifically Norwich, Norfolk County)

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a compact, well-muscled build. It has a water-repellent double coat of medium length, typically in shades of golden red to coppery red, often with white markings on the chest, feet, and tail tip. The breed features triangular, high-set ears and expressive almond-shaped eyes. Tollers are the smallest of the retriever breeds, known for their agility and alert appearance.

Sporting Group

Canada (Nova Scotia, Yarmouth County, Little River Harbour)

Old English Sheepdog

The Old English Sheepdog is a large, muscular dog with a distinctive shaggy, double coat that is weather-resistant and covers the entire body, including the eyes. The coat is typically gray or blue-gray, often with white markings. The breed is known for its unique, bear-like gait and a topline that slopes from the loin to the withers.

Herding Group

England, specifically the southwestern counties such as Devon, Somerset, and Cornwall

Otterhound

The Otterhound is a large, rough-coated hound with a strong, dignified head and a substantial, athletic build. It features a dense, harsh, and waterproof double coat, often seen in various colors, and large, webbed feet well-suited for swimming. Males typically stand about 27 inches tall and weigh around 115 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. Its deep chest, long muzzle, and expressive eyes give it a distinctive, noble appearance.

Hound Group

United Kingdom (England, North-West region)

Papillon

The Papillon is a small, fine-boned dog standing 8 to 11 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing between 5 to 12 pounds. Its most distinctive feature is its large, erect ears fringed with long hair, resembling butterfly wings. The breed has a long, silky, single-layer coat that is typically white with patches of various colors, and a plumed tail that arches over its back. The Papillon is elegant, alert, and dainty in appearance.

Toy Group

France (with significant development in Belgium)

Parson Russell Terrier

The Parson Russell Terrier is a small, energetic breed with a balanced, square build. They possess a flat skull, strong muzzle, and V-shaped ears that fold forward. Their coat can be smooth, rough, or broken, predominantly white with black, tan, or tricolor markings. Typically, they stand between 13 to 14 inches at the shoulder and weigh around 13 to 17 pounds.

Terrier Group

England

Pekingese

The Pekingese is a compact, low-to-the-ground toy breed with a broad, flat head, large dark eyes, and a short, wrinkled muzzle. Its long, flowing double coat forms a distinctive mane around the neck, giving it a lion-like appearance. The breed comes in a wide variety of colors, often with a black mask, and has a unique rolling gait. Pekingese are small but sturdy, with a dignified and regal presence.

Toy Group

China (Beijing/Imperial Court)

Pembroke Welsh Corgi

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a small, sturdy herding dog with a fox-like head, erect ears, and a medium-length double coat that is weather-resistant. They typically stand 10 to 12 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 22 to 30 pounds. Their coat colors include red, sable, fawn, and black and tan, often with white markings.

Herding Group

United Kingdom (Wales)

Perro de Presa Canario

The Perro de Presa Canario is a large, powerfully built dog with a massive, square-shaped head. Its short, coarse coat comes in fawn, brindle, or black colors. The breed has a broad, deep chest and a slightly longer body than its height, giving it a solid and imposing appearance.

Mixed Breed

Spain, Canary Islands

Peruvian Inca Orchid

The Peruvian Inca Orchid is an elegant sighthound that comes in three sizes: small, medium, and large. The breed is known for its hairless variety, though a coated variety also exists. The skin can be of any color, including black, brown, gray, pink, tan, or white, and may have unpigmented areas. Coated dogs have a short to medium-length coat that can be straight or slightly wavy. Both varieties share a slender, athletic build with a graceful appearance.

Miscellaneous Class

Peru

Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen

Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen, a compact and sturdy hound, features a rough, tousled coat and distinctive long ears. Standing 13-15 inches at the shoulder with a muscular build, these dogs possess an alert expression and confident gait. Their harsh coat comes in various colors including white with lemon, orange, black, or greys, protecting them during hunts through dense underbrush.

Hound Group

Unknown

Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen is a small, sturdy hound with a rough, unrefined double coat that is long and harsh, giving it a tousled appearance. It stands between 12.5 and 15.5 inches at the shoulder and weighs 25 to 40 pounds. The breed features a distinctive expressive face with a beard, mustache, and long eyebrows, as well as long, narrow ears covered with hair. Coat colors are primarily white with combinations of lemon, orange, black, sable, tricolor, or grizzle markings.

Hound Group

France (Vendée region)

Pharaoh Hound

The Pharaoh Hound is a medium-sized, elegant dog with a sleek, athletic build and a noble bearing. It has a short, glossy coat in shades of tan or rich tan, often with white markings on the tail tip, chest, toes, or face. The breed features a long, chiseled head, large erect ears, and expressive amber eyes. Males typically stand 23 to 25 inches tall and weigh 45 to 55 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Hound Group

Malta

Plott Hound

The Plott Hound is a medium to large-sized, muscular dog with a sleek, athletic build. It stands 20 to 25 inches at the shoulder and weighs 40 to 60 pounds. The breed features a short to medium-length, glossy coat that is most commonly brindle in pattern, with shades ranging from yellow and red to black and blue brindle. Distinctive features include a strong, agile frame and expressive, alert eyes.

Hound Group

United States (North Carolina)

Pointer

The Pointer is a large, athletic dog with a sleek, muscular build and a deep chest. It stands 23 to 28 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 44 and 75 pounds. The breed has a short, smooth coat that comes in liver, lemon, black, or orange, either solid or in combination with white. Distinctive features include a long muzzle, expressive eyes, hanging ears, and a tapered tail.

Sporting Group

England

Polish Lowland Sheepdog

The Polish Lowland Sheepdog is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a long, dense double coat that can be straight or slightly wavy. Its shaggy hair often covers the eyes, giving it a distinctive, endearing appearance. Common coat colors include white, gray, and brown, often with darker markings. Males typically stand 17.7–19.7 inches (45–50 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 40–50 pounds (18–23 kg), while females are slightly smaller.

Herding Group

Poland (lowland regions)

Pomeranian

The Pomeranian is a compact, small-sized toy breed with a thick double coat that forms a prominent ruff around the neck and a plumed tail carried over the back. They typically weigh between 3 to 7 pounds (1.36 to 3.18 kg) and stand 7 to 12 inches (18 to 30 cm) tall at the shoulder. Their fox-like face features alert, dark eyes and small, erect ears. The breed is known for its wide variety of coat colors, including orange, black, cream, white, blue, sable, and more.

Toy Group

Germany and Poland (Pomerania region)

Poodle (Miniature)

The Miniature Poodle is a small, well-proportioned dog standing between 10 to 15 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing approximately 10 to 15 pounds. It features a dense, curly, and hypoallergenic coat that comes in various solid colors, including black, white, apricot, and gray. The breed is known for its elegant posture, expressive dark eyes, and a distinctive gait that exudes grace and agility.

Non-Sporting Group

Germany

Poodle (Standard)

The Standard Poodle is an elegant, well-proportioned dog with a square build and a proud, dignified carriage. It stands over 15 inches at the shoulder and features a dense, curly coat that comes in a variety of solid colors, including white, black, apricot, and gray. Distinctive features include a long, straight muzzle, dark oval eyes, and low-set, hanging ears. The breed is known for its athleticism, grace, and distinctive grooming styles.

Non-Sporting Group

France

Poodle (Toy)

The Toy Poodle is a small, squarely built dog standing no more than 10 inches at the shoulder. It features a dense, curly coat that comes in a variety of solid colors, including black, white, brown, gray, and apricot. The breed is known for its elegant appearance, expressive eyes, and distinctive grooming styles such as the 'puppy clip' or 'continental clip.' Despite its diminutive size, the Toy Poodle is sturdy and well-proportioned.

Toy Group

France

Porcelaine

The Porcelaine is a medium-sized scent hound with a sleek, short, and fine white coat that often displays subtle orange spots, especially on the ears. Its skin is marbled with black spots visible through the white fur, giving it a porcelain-like sheen. The breed features a long, narrow head, dark expressive eyes, and fine, drooping ears. Males typically stand 22 to 23.5 inches (55 to 58 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

France (Franche-Comté region)

Portuguese Podengo

The Portuguese Podengo is a versatile hunting breed that comes in three sizes: Grande (large), Médio (medium), and Pequeno (small). They possess a lean, muscular build with a wedge-shaped head, large, erect ears, and expressive eyes. Their coat can be either smooth or wire-haired, typically in shades of yellow, fawn, or black, often with white markings.

Hound Group

Portugal

Portuguese Podengo Pequeno

The Portuguese Podengo Pequeno is a small, agile hound with a wedge-shaped head, large upright ears, and expressive almond-shaped eyes. It comes in two coat types: smooth and wire, both of which are low maintenance and typically found in shades of yellow or fawn, with or without white markings. The breed is compact and sturdy, standing 8 to 12 inches at the shoulder and weighing 9 to 13 pounds. Its lively expression and alert posture are distinctive features.

Hound Group

Portugal

Portuguese Pointer

The Portuguese Pointer is a medium-sized, well-balanced dog with a square-shaped head, expressive eyes, and drop ears. Males typically stand 20–24 inches (52–60 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 44–60 pounds (20–27 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a short, dense coat that ranges from light to dark yellow, often with white markings. Its tail is carried level with the back or slightly above when in motion, and the overall appearance is athletic and sturdy.

Mixed Breed

Portugal

Portuguese Sheepdog

The Portuguese Sheepdog is a medium-sized, agile dog with a long, goat-like textured coat that lacks an undercoat. Its expressive face features a beard, mustache, and eyebrows, giving it a distinctive, simian-like appearance. Males typically stand 45–55 cm (17.7–21.7 inches) tall and weigh 17–27 kg (37.5–59 pounds), while females are slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

Portugal, Alentejo region

Portuguese Water Dog

The Portuguese Water Dog is a medium-sized, robust, and athletic breed with a distinctive curly or wavy, waterproof coat. Males typically stand 20 to 23 inches tall and weigh 42 to 60 pounds, while females are 17 to 21 inches tall and weigh 35 to 50 pounds. The breed is known for its webbed feet, strong swimming ability, and a single-layer coat that comes in black, brown, white, or combinations thereof. Its expressive face, muscular build, and lively tail are notable features.

Working Group

Portugal (Algarve region)

Pudelpointer

The Pudelpointer is a medium-sized, athletic hunting dog with a harsh, wiry, and dense coat that is predominantly solid in color, ranging from dark brown to autumn leaf shades, and occasionally black. The breed stands between 22 to 26 inches (55 to 68 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 45 to 70 pounds (20 to 32 kg). Pudelpointers have a noble, expressive head, a strong, muscular build, and a weather-resistant coat suited for field and water work. Their appearance reflects their dual heritage of the German hunting Pudel and English Pointer.

Mixed Breed

Germany

Pug

The Pug is a small, sturdy dog with a compact, square body and well-developed muscles. It has a short, smooth, and glossy coat that comes in fawn, apricot, silver, or black. Distinctive features include a wrinkled, short-muzzled face, large round eyes, and a tightly curled tail. The breed is known for its expressive face and charming appearance.

Toy Group

China

Puli

The Puli is a medium-sized herding dog known for its distinctive, long, corded coat that resembles dreadlocks. It stands 16 to 17 inches tall at the shoulder and typically weighs between 25 and 35 pounds. The coat is most commonly black, but can also be white, gray, or cream, and serves as protection against harsh weather. The breed is compact, agile, and has a lively, alert expression.

Herding Group

Hungary

Pumi

The Pumi is a medium-sized dog with a square outline, standing 15 to 18.5 inches tall and weighing between 22 to 29 pounds. It features a distinctive coat of corkscrew curls, semi-erect ears with tips that flop forward, and a tail carried in a circle over its back. Acceptable coat colors include white, black, any shade of gray, and shades of fawn from red to pale cream. The breed is known for its whimsical expression and lively appearance.

Herding Group

Hungary (western regions)

Pyrenean Mastiff

The Pyrenean Mastiff is a giant, powerful breed with a strong, muscular build and a balanced, imposing presence. It has a large, broad head, a moderately long muzzle, and a strong neck with loose skin and double dewlaps. The coat is thick, abundant, and coarse, predominantly white with well-defined markings in gold, gray, or badger on the head, ears, and neck. The tail is long and carried low, often curling at the tip.

Mixed Breed

Spain (Aragón region)

Pyrenean Shepherd

The Pyrenean Shepherd is a small to medium-sized, lean, and athletic dog with a lively expression. It comes in two coat varieties: Rough-Faced, with long or medium-length, slightly wavy to flat hair, and Smooth-Faced, with shorter, finer hair on the face and a soft, short coat on the body. Coat colors include fawn, gray, blue merle, brindle, black, and black with white markings. The breed is known for its agility, expressive face, and energetic demeanor.

Herding Group

France (Pyrenees Mountains)

Rafeiro do Alentejo

The Rafeiro do Alentejo is a large, powerful dog with a broad chest, strong bone structure, and a bear-like head. Its dense, straight, medium-length coat comes in colors such as black, fawn, brindle, wolf grey, or yellow, always with white markings. The breed has a sober expression, slightly longer body than height, and a thick, bushy tail. Males are notably larger and more robust than females.

Mixed Breed

Portugal (Alentejo region)

Rat Terrier

Rat Terriers are small to medium-sized dogs, typically standing between 10 to 18 inches tall and weighing 10 to 25 pounds. They possess a smooth, short coat that comes in various colors, including black, tan, chocolate, blue, and lemon, often with white markings. Their ears can be erect, tipped, or button, contributing to their alert expression. The tail is traditionally docked but can be left natural.

Terrier Group

United States

Redbone Coonhound

The Redbone Coonhound is a large, athletic dog with a lean, muscular build and a deep chest. It stands 21 to 27 inches tall and weighs between 45 and 70 pounds. The breed is distinguished by its short, smooth, and dense coat of solid rich red, with long, floppy ears and a pleading expression. Small white markings may occasionally appear on the chest or feet.

Hound Group

United States (Southern regions, especially Georgia and Tennessee)

Rhodesian Ridgeback

The Rhodesian Ridgeback is a large, athletic dog with a distinctive ridge of hair along its back that grows in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat. The breed has a short, dense, and sleek coat, typically in shades of light wheaten to red wheaten. Males stand 25 to 27 inches tall and weigh around 85 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The Ridgeback is well-muscled, with a strong, symmetrical build and expressive, intelligent eyes.

Hound Group

South Africa (Cape Colony region, now part of South Africa and Zimbabwe)

Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog

The Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog is a large, vigorous breed with a long, dense coat covering its entire body, including the head and limbs. Males typically stand between 27.5 to 29.5 inches (70–75 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller at 25.5 to 27.5 inches (65–70 cm). The coat is predominantly white, with or without pale grey or cream patches, or it may be entirely pale grey or cream.

Foundation Stock Service

Romania, Carpathian Mountains

Rottweiler

The Rottweiler is a large, robust, and muscular dog with a powerful build. It has a short, dense double coat that is black with clearly defined rust markings on the cheeks, muzzle, chest, and legs. Males typically stand 24 to 27 inches at the shoulder and females 22 to 25 inches, with a broad head, strong jaws, and a confident, alert expression. The breed's overall appearance is one of strength, endurance, and agility.

Working Group

Germany (Rottweil, Baden-Württemberg region)

Russell Terrier

The Russell Terrier is a small, muscular dog standing between 10 and 12 inches tall at the shoulder. They have a weatherproof coat that can be smooth, broken, or rough, and are predominantly white with black and/or tan markings. Their keen, lively expression and upright tail reflect their energetic nature.

Terrier Group

England; developed further in Australia

Russian Toy

The Russian Toy is a petite breed, standing between 7.5 to 10.5 inches tall and weighing up to 6.5 pounds. It has two coat varieties: smooth and long-haired. The smooth coat is short and close-lying, while the long-haired variety features a longer coat with distinctive feathering on the ears, legs, and tail. Both types have a small, refined head with large, expressive eyes and triangular ears.

Toy Group

Russia

Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka

The Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka is a small, square-proportioned dog with a long, dense, wavy to curly coat that comes in a variety of colors, including black, brown, gray, red, and wolf-gray. Males often feature a distinct beard and mustache, adding to their charming expression. The breed stands 7.1 to 10.6 inches (18 to 27 cm) at the shoulder and weighs between 4.4 to 11 pounds (2 to 5 kg). Their expressive eyes and lively demeanor make them an appealing companion.

Miscellaneous Class

Russia (Moscow and Saint Petersburg)

Saint Bernard

The Saint Bernard is a giant, muscular dog with a broad head, expressive eyes, and a powerful build. Males typically stand 28 to 30 inches tall and weigh 140 to 180 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a dense coat that can be short or long, most commonly in red-brown and white or brindle and white patterns. Distinctive features include a massive head, deep chest, and a gentle, dignified expression.

Working Group

Switzerland (Great St. Bernard Pass, Pennine Alps)

Saluki

The Saluki is a slender, elegant sighthound with a narrow body, long legs, and a deep chest, built for speed and endurance. It has a silky coat that comes in two varieties: smooth and feathered, with the latter featuring longer hair on the ears, tail, and legs. Salukis display a variety of colors, including white, cream, fawn, red, grizzle, black and tan, and tricolor. Their refined appearance and graceful movement are distinctive features.

Hound Group

Middle East (Fertile Crescent region, including parts of modern-day Egypt and Iraq)

Samoyed

The Samoyed is a sturdy, medium-sized dog with a thick, double-layered coat that is predominantly white, though cream or white and biscuit colors are also recognized. Males typically stand between 21 to 23.5 inches tall and weigh 45 to 65 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. Distinctive features include erect, triangular ears, a tail that curls over the back, and the characteristic 'Sammy smile,' which reflects their friendly disposition.

Working Group

Russia (northwestern Siberia)

Schapendoes

The Schapendoes is a medium-sized, lightly built dog with a long, dense, and slightly wavy coat that provides protection against harsh weather. The coat is typically blue-gray to black, though all colors are permitted. The breed has a distinctive topknot, mustache, and beard, with fairly large, round, brown eyes that convey an honest and lively expression. The ears are set high, hanging freely, and are well-covered with hair. Males stand between 43 to 50 cm (17 to 20 inches) at the withers, while females are slightly smaller, ranging from 40 to 47 cm (16 to 18 inches).

Mixed Breed

Netherlands, specifically the Drenthe province and the Veluwe region

Schipperke

The Schipperke is a small, sturdy dog with a distinctive black double coat that forms a ruff around the neck and longer fur on the hindquarters. It has a fox-like face, erect triangular ears, and is typically tailless or has a docked tail. Males stand about 13 inches (33 cm) tall, females about 12 inches (30 cm), and they weigh between 12 and 18 pounds (5.5–8 kg). Their compact, agile build and alert expression are hallmarks of the breed.

Non-Sporting Group

Belgium (Flanders region)

Scottish Deerhound

The Scottish Deerhound is a giant sighthound with a strong, graceful build and a rough, wiry coat, most commonly in blue-gray. Males typically stand at least 30 inches tall and weigh between 85 to 110 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed features a long, narrow head, dark eyes, and small, folded ears, giving it a noble and dignified appearance. Its overall look is similar to a larger, rough-coated Greyhound.

Hound Group

Scotland (Scottish Highlands)

Scottish Terrier

The Scottish Terrier is a small, sturdy, and compact dog with a distinctive long head, erect ears, and a keen, alert expression. It stands about 10 inches (25 cm) tall and weighs between 18 to 22 pounds (8 to 10 kg). The breed has a hard, wiry, weather-resistant double coat that comes in black, brindle, or wheaten. Its short legs, bushy eyebrows, and pronounced beard give it a unique and dignified appearance.

Terrier Group

Scotland (Highlands region)

Sealyham Terrier

The Sealyham Terrier is a small, sturdy dog with a robust and compact build. It features a distinctive white, double-layered coat that is wiry and weather-resistant, often with markings on the head and ears in colors such as tan, lemon, or badger. The breed's expressive face is highlighted by bushy eyebrows and a beard, giving it a keen and alert expression.

Terrier Group

Wales, United Kingdom

Segugio Italiano

The Segugio Italiano is a medium-sized scenthound with a lean, square build and two coat varieties: short-haired and rough-haired. The breed typically has a fawn-colored coat, ranging from dark red to pale, or black-and-tan, with a distinctive Roman nose and strong, straight legs. Its body length is equal to its height at the withers, giving it a balanced and athletic appearance. The ears are long and set low, and the tail is carried in a saber shape.

Mixed Breed

Italy

Shetland Sheepdog

The Shetland Sheepdog is a small to medium-sized dog, standing 13 to 16 inches at the shoulder and weighing 14 to 27 pounds. It has a double coat with a dense, soft undercoat and a long, straight, harsh-textured outer coat, often forming a mane around the neck. Common coat colors include sable, blue merle, and tricolor. The breed is known for its expressive almond-shaped eyes, alert ears, and intelligent, gentle expression.

Herding Group

Scotland (Shetland Islands)

Shiba Inu

The Shiba Inu is a compact, muscular dog with a fox-like face, erect triangular ears, and a curled tail. It stands 13.5 to 16.5 inches (34 to 42 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 17 to 23 pounds (7.5 to 10.5 kg). The breed has a double coat with a stiff, straight outer layer and a soft undercoat, commonly in red, black and tan, or sesame. Its alert expression and agile build are distinctive features.

Non-Sporting Group

Japan (Chūbu region)

Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy dog with a compact body and a luxurious, long double coat that requires regular grooming. They have a distinctive 'chrysanthemum' face, with large, dark eyes and a short muzzle, and their tail is heavily plumed and carried over the back. The breed stands no more than 10.5 inches (26.7 cm) at the shoulder and weighs between 9 and 16 pounds (4 to 7.25 kg). Their coat comes in a variety of colors, often with white and gray markings.

Toy Group

Tibet

Shikoku

The Shikoku is a well-balanced, medium-sized dog with a strong, muscular build and a dense double coat. Its coat comes in sesame, red sesame, or black sesame colors. The breed features erect, triangular ears and a curled tail, giving it an alert and agile appearance. Shikokus are known for their keen expression and athletic physique.

Mixed Breed

Japan (Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island)

Siberian Husky

The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized, well-balanced working dog with erect triangular ears and a dense, double-layered coat. They typically stand 20 to 24 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 35 and 60 pounds. Their coat can be any color from black to pure white, often with striking facial markings and blue or multicolored eyes. The breed is known for its graceful, athletic build and bushy tail carried in a sickle curve.

Working Group

Russia (Chukchi Peninsula, Siberia)

Silky Terrier

The Silky Terrier is a small, low-set dog with a fine-boned yet sturdy build. It stands 9 to 10 inches (23 to 25.5 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 8 to 10 pounds (3.5 to 4.5 kg). The breed is distinguished by its long, straight, glossy blue and tan coat, which is parted down the back and falls evenly on both sides. It has a wedge-shaped head, small dark almond-shaped eyes, erect V-shaped ears, and a high-set tail.

Toy Group

Australia (Sydney, New South Wales)

Skye Terrier

The Skye Terrier is a medium-sized, long-bodied dog with short legs, standing about 9 to 10 inches at the shoulder and weighing 35 to 45 pounds. It features a double coat with a soft undercoat and a long, straight, hard topcoat that drapes along its sides. The breed has feathered ears, which may be prick or drop, and expressive eyes partially covered by long hair. Coat colors include black, blue, gray, silver, fawn, or cream, often with black points on the ears and muzzle.

Terrier Group

Scotland (Isle of Skye)

Sloughi

The Sloughi is a medium to large-sized sighthound with a sleek, athletic build. Males typically stand between 26 to 29 inches at the shoulder, while females range from 24 to 27 inches. They possess a short, fine coat that comes in various shades from light sand to mahogany red fawn, with possible brindling or black markings. The breed is characterized by a long, elegant wedge-shaped head, large dark eyes with a gentle, slightly sad expression, and a long tail carried low with an upward curve at the end.

Hound Group

North Africa, specifically Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya

Slovakian Wirehaired Pointer

The Slovakian Wirehaired Pointer is a medium to large-sized, athletic dog with a robust build. It features a short, dense, and wiry double coat that is predominantly gray or gray roan, often with white markings. The breed has a noble head, amber eyes, and a bushy beard and eyebrows, giving it a distinctive, expressive appearance. Males typically stand 24.5 to 26.5 inches at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

Slovakia

Slovensky Cuvac

The Slovensky Cuvac is a large, robust dog with a strong, muscular build and a dense, wavy, all-white coat. Males typically stand 24 to 28 inches (62 to 70 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 68 to 97 pounds (31 to 44 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed features dark, oval-shaped eyes and medium-sized, hanging ears, giving it an alert and attentive expression. Its thick coat provides excellent protection against harsh mountain weather.

Mixed Breed

Slovakia (Tatra Mountain region)

Slovensky Kopov

The Slovensky Kopov is a medium-sized, muscular scenthound with a sleek, athletic build and long legs. Its short, dense coat is always black with sharply defined tan markings on the limbs, chest, and face. Males typically stand around 18 inches (46 cm) at the shoulder and weigh about 35 pounds (16 kg), with females slightly smaller. The breed is distinguished by its deep-set, expressive eyes and a long, tapering tail.

Mixed Breed

Slovakia

Small Munsterlander Pointer

The Small Munsterlander Pointer is a medium-sized, well-proportioned dog with a muscular build and an elegant appearance. Males typically stand 20.5 to 22 inches at the shoulder, while females are 19.75 to 21.25 inches. The breed has a dense, medium-length, water-resistant coat, usually brown and white with ticking or roan patterns, and features feathering on the ears, tail, underbody, and legs.

Mixed Breed

Germany (Münster region)

Smooth Fox Terrier

The Smooth Fox Terrier is a small to medium-sized, muscular, and agile dog with a predominantly white, short, dense, and smooth coat, often marked with black or tan. It features a moderately narrow head, flat skull, V-shaped ears that drop forward, and a straight, high-set tail. Males typically stand up to 15.5 inches (39 cm) at the shoulder and weigh around 18 pounds (8 kg). The breed is known for its alert expression and balanced, athletic build.

Terrier Group

England

Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier

The Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier is a medium-sized, sturdy dog with a distinctive soft, silky, and slightly wavy coat that ranges from pale beige to rich golden wheat. Males typically stand 18 to 19 inches tall and weigh 35 to 40 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its expressive dark eyes, well-proportioned build, and lively, friendly appearance. Its non-shedding, single-layer coat requires regular grooming to prevent matting.

Terrier Group

Ireland (southern and southwestern regions)

Spanish Mastiff

The Spanish Mastiff is a giant, powerfully built dog with a massive head, deep chest, and strong, muscular frame. It has a dense, semi-long coat that can be fawn, brindle, black, or wolf-sable, and features loose skin, especially around the neck, forming a pronounced dewlap. Males typically stand over 31.5 inches (80 cm) and females over 29.5 inches (75 cm) at the shoulder, with a calm and imposing presence.

Mixed Breed

Spain (regions of Asturias, Cantabria, León, and Zamora)

Spanish Water Dog

The Spanish Water Dog is a medium-sized, athletic breed with a robust build and a distinctive curly, woolly coat that can form cords if left untrimmed. They typically stand between 15.75 to 19.75 inches at the shoulder and weigh between 31 to 49 pounds. The coat comes in solid or bicolor patterns, including black, white, brown, and beige. Their expressive eyes and well-proportioned body give them an alert and energetic appearance.

Herding Group

Spain (Andalusia)

Spinone Italiano

The Spinone Italiano is a large, muscular dog with a square build, standing 22.5 to 27.5 inches tall and weighing 61 to 85 pounds. It has a distinctive rough, dense, and wiry coat that comes in solid white, white with orange or brown markings, orange roan, or brown roan. The breed features expressive eyes, a pronounced beard, and bushy eyebrows, giving it a unique and endearing appearance. Its overall look is rustic and robust, well-suited for work in challenging terrain.

Sporting Group

Italy (Piedmont region)

Stabyhoun

The Stabyhoun is a medium-sized, sturdily built pointing dog with a rectangular shape. It has a long, silky coat that is typically black and white, though brown and white or orange and white variations exist. The breed features a slightly rounded skull, a powerful muzzle, and medium-sized, round eyes that convey a gentle and intelligent expression. Its ears are set fairly low, moderately long, and shaped like a mason's trowel, with feathering that decreases in length towards the tip.

Foundation Stock Service

Netherlands (Frisian forest region in southeast and east Friesland)

Staffordshire Bull Terrier

The Staffordshire Bull Terrier is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a broad head, pronounced cheek muscles, and a short, deep muzzle. Its coat is short, smooth, and close-lying, coming in a variety of colors including red, fawn, white, black, blue, or brindle, with or without white markings. The breed has a compact, powerful build and distinctive rose or half-pricked ears. Its expression is keen and intelligent, reflecting its alert and courageous nature.

Terrier Group

United Kingdom (Staffordshire and Birmingham region)

Standard Poodle

The Standard Poodle is a large, squarely built dog with an elegant and dignified appearance. It stands over 15 inches at the shoulder and typically weighs between 45 to 70 pounds. The breed's dense, curly coat comes in various solid colors and requires regular grooming. Distinctive features include a long, straight muzzle, dark oval-shaped eyes, and ears that hang close to the head.

Non-Sporting Group

Germany

Standard Schnauzer

The Standard Schnauzer is a robust, medium-sized dog with a square build and a dense, wiry coat that comes in solid black or pepper-and-salt. Distinctive features include arched eyebrows, a bristly mustache, and a pronounced beard, giving the breed a unique and expressive appearance. Males typically stand 18.5 to 19.5 inches at the shoulder, while females are 17.5 to 18.5 inches, with a weight range of 30 to 45 pounds. The breed is known for its alert expression and athletic, well-muscled body.

Working Group

Germany (Bavaria)

Sussex Spaniel

The Sussex Spaniel is a medium-sized, low-set dog with a muscular, rectangular build. It stands 13 to 15 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 35 and 45 pounds. The breed features a rich golden liver coat that is flat or slightly wavy, with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and tail. Its large, hazel eyes and serious expression are distinctive, as is its unique coloration.

Sporting Group

England (Sussex)

Swedish Lapphund

The Swedish Lapphund is a medium-sized, spitz-type breed with a dense, weather-resistant double coat, typically black, sometimes with white markings on the chest, feet, and tail. It has a bushy tail carried over the back, erect triangular ears, and dark, expressive eyes. Males stand approximately 18-20 inches (45-51 cm) tall at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller. Their sturdy build and thick coat are well-suited for cold climates.

Foundation Stock Service

Sweden, Lapland region

Swedish Vallhund

The Swedish Vallhund is a small, sturdy, and low-to-the-ground spitz-type dog with a wedge-shaped head and medium-sized, erect ears. Its dense double coat is short to medium in length, coming in shades of grey, greyish brown, or reddish brown, often with lighter markings on the muzzle, chest, and legs. The breed's tail can be naturally bobbed or full length. Vallhunds are athletic and agile, with a fox-like expression and a well-balanced, muscular build.

Herding Group

Sweden (Västergötland province)

Taiwan Dog

The Taiwan Dog is a medium-sized, athletic breed with a firm, fit body, slim waist, and broad chest. Males typically stand 18.9 to 20.5 inches (48 to 52 cm) at the shoulder and weigh 30.9 to 39.7 pounds (14 to 18 kg), while females are slightly smaller. The breed has a short, hard coat that lies close to the body, commonly in black, earthy yellow, or yellowish-brown. Distinctive features include almond-shaped eyes, thin prick ears, a triangular face, and a sickle-shaped tail.

Mixed Breed

Taiwan

Teddy Roosevelt Terrier

The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized, low-set, muscular hunting terrier. It has a broad, slightly domed, wedge-shaped head proportionate to its body size. The ears are V-shaped, set at the outside edges of the skull, and may be erect or button. The breed's coat is short, smooth, and dense, occurring in solid white, other solid colors with markings, and white with a variety of colored patches.

Terrier Group

United States

Thai Ridgeback

The Thai Ridgeback is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a wedge-shaped head, triangular, erect ears, and a short, smooth coat. It features a distinctive ridge of hair along its back that grows in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat. The breed's coat colors include solid red, black, blue, and fawn, with a black mask being preferable in reds. Males typically stand 22–24 inches tall and weigh between 50–75 pounds, while females are slightly smaller, standing 20–22 inches tall and weighing 35–55 pounds.

Mixed Breed

Thailand, specifically the eastern provinces of Chanthaburi and Trat

Tibetan Mastiff

The Tibetan Mastiff is a large, powerful dog with a strong, muscular build and a broad, imposing head. Males stand at least 26 inches (66 cm) tall and females at least 24 inches (61 cm), with weights ranging from 70 to 150 pounds (32 to 68 kg). The breed features a dense double coat that can be black, black and tan, various shades of red, or bluish-gray, often with white markings. Its bushy tail curls over the back, and its mane-like ruff gives it a lion-like appearance.

Working Group

Tibet (Tibetan Plateau, China)

Tibetan Spaniel

The Tibetan Spaniel is a small, well-balanced dog with a domed head, medium-length muzzle, and expressive oval eyes. It stands about 10 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 9 and 15 pounds. The breed features a silky double coat with feathering on the ears, legs, and tail, and a plumed tail that curls over the back. All coat colors and combinations are accepted, and the overall appearance is alert and refined.

Non-Sporting Group

Tibet

Tibetan Terrier

The Tibetan Terrier is a medium-sized, square-proportioned dog with a sturdy, well-muscled body. It stands 14 to 16 inches (35–41 cm) at the shoulder and weighs 18 to 30 pounds (8–14 kg). The breed features a long, profuse double coat that can be wavy or straight, and its broad, flat feet are uniquely adapted for snowy terrain. Distinctive features include large, dark eyes, V-shaped drop ears, and a coat that parts down the middle.

Non-Sporting Group

Tibet (Lost Valley region)

Tornjak

The Tornjak is a large, powerful, and well-proportioned dog with an almost square body shape. Males typically stand between 25–28 inches (65–70 cm) at the shoulder, while females are slightly smaller. Their weight ranges from 62–110 pounds (28–50 kg). They have a long, thick, and woolly coat that is shorter on the face and legs but abundant around the neck and thighs, with a feathered tail carried like a flag.

Mixed Breed

Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia

Tosa

The Tosa is a large, powerful dog with a broad head, boxy muzzle, and a wrinkled forehead. It has medium-sized, pendant ears and brown eyes. The short, smooth coat comes in colors such as deep red, fawn, brindle, or black, sometimes with a black mask or black-tipped hairs. The body is slightly longer than it is tall, and the tail is thick at the base, tapering to a tip.

Foundation Stock Service

Japan, Tosa region on Shikoku Island

Toy Fox Terrier

The Toy Fox Terrier is a small, muscular dog standing 8.5 to 11.5 inches tall and weighing 3.5 to 7 pounds. It has a short, glossy coat that is predominantly white with black, tan, or chocolate markings. The breed features erect, V-shaped ears, a high-set tail, and expressive, dark eyes. Its compact, elegant build and lively expression are distinctive.

Toy Group

United States

Toy Manchester Terrier

The Toy Manchester Terrier is a small, sleek dog with a short, glossy black coat accented by rich mahogany tan markings. It possesses a long, narrow head with small, bright eyes and naturally erect ears. The breed's compact and muscular build contributes to its agility and speed.

Toy Group

United States

Transylvanian Hound

The Transylvanian Hound is a robust, medium-sized dog with a muscular build and an athletic appearance. It has a short, dense, and smooth coat that is predominantly black with clearly defined tan markings and occasional white on the chest, muzzle, or extremities. The breed stands 18 to 21 inches tall and weighs between 55 and 77 pounds. Distinctive features include tan eyebrow spots and a high-pitched, ringing bark.

Mixed Breed

Hungary (Transylvania region)

Treeing Tennessee Brindle

The Treeing Tennessee Brindle is a medium-sized, muscular dog with a lean build, designed for speed and endurance. It has a short, smooth coat that is predominantly brindle or black with brindle trim, and may have small white markings on the chest and feet. The breed features loose skin, drooping ears, and a straight tail, giving it a distinctive and athletic appearance. Males typically stand 18 to 24 inches tall and weigh 35 to 50 pounds, while females are slightly smaller.

Mixed Breed

United States (Ozark and Appalachian regions)

Treeing Walker Coonhound

The Treeing Walker Coonhound is a medium to large-sized hound with a muscular build, long legs, and a deep chest. Its short, smooth, and glossy coat is typically tricolor—white with black and tan markings. The breed features long, drooping ears, expressive brown eyes, and a tail carried high when alert. Known for its speed and endurance, the Treeing Walker Coonhound is both athletic and elegant in appearance.

Hound Group

United States (Kentucky, Virginia)

Vizsla

The Vizsla is a medium-sized, lean, and muscular dog with a short, smooth, and dense golden-rust coat that lies close to the body. The breed has a noble appearance with a moderately broad skull, expressive eyes, and a tail typically docked to about two-thirds its natural length. Males stand 22 to 24 inches at the shoulder and weigh 45 to 60 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The Vizsla’s coat color, nose, and nails harmonize, giving it a distinctive and elegant look.

Sporting Group

Hungary

Weimaraner

The Weimaraner is a large, athletic dog with a sleek, short coat that ranges from mouse-grey to silver-grey. Males typically stand 25 to 27 inches at the shoulder, while females are 23 to 25 inches. The breed is known for its aristocratic head, long limbs, deep chest, and striking light amber, blue-gray, or gray eyes. Its elegant, muscular build and distinctive coloration have earned it the nickname 'Gray Ghost.'

Sporting Group

Germany (Weimar, Thuringia)

Welsh Springer Spaniel

The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a medium-sized, compact dog with a slightly rounded head, oval-shaped dark eyes, and long, close-hanging ears. Its coat is straight, soft, and flat, always in a distinctive rich red and white color pattern. Males stand 18 to 19 inches at the shoulder, females 17 to 18 inches, with a sturdy, athletic build. The breed is known for its alert expression and feathered tail.

Sporting Group

Wales (Neath Valley, South Wales)

Welsh Terrier

The Welsh Terrier is a sturdy, compact dog standing about 15 inches tall and weighing between 20 to 22 pounds. It features a dense, wiry coat that is predominantly black and tan, with a distinctive black jacket pattern. The breed has an elongated head, folded ears, and a characteristic beard, giving it a cheerful and alert expression. Its overall appearance is balanced and athletic, reflecting its working heritage.

Terrier Group

Wales (northern regions)

West Highland White Terrier

The West Highland White Terrier, or Westie, is a small, sturdy dog standing 10 to 11 inches tall and weighing 15 to 22 pounds. It features a distinctive white double coat with a soft undercoat and a rough outer coat, dark almond-shaped eyes, and small, pointed ears that stand erect.

Terrier Group

Scotland, Argyll region

Wetterhoun

The Wetterhoun is a medium-sized dog with a sturdy, muscular build and a distinctive thick, curly, water-repellent coat that feels oily to the touch. Males stand about 23 inches (59 cm) and females about 21.6 inches (55 cm) at the shoulder, weighing between 55 and 77 pounds (25–35 kg). Coat colors include solid black or brown, black and white, or brown and white, often with ticking or roaning. The breed features low-set, flat ears, a tightly curled tail over the back, and a unique, somewhat stern expression due to the shape of its eyes.

Mixed Breed

Netherlands (Friesland province)

Whippet

The Whippet is a medium-sized sighthound with a sleek, aerodynamic body built for speed and agility. It has a deep chest, long slender legs, and a narrow, muscular build. The coat is short, smooth, and close-fitting, coming in a wide variety of colors and patterns. Whippets are elegant and graceful, with a distinctive, streamlined silhouette.

Hound Group

United Kingdom (Northern England, including Lancashire and Yorkshire)

Wire Fox Terrier

The Wire Fox Terrier is a medium-sized, sturdy, and well-balanced dog with a distinctive rough, dense, and wiry coat. The breed is predominantly white with brown markings on the face and ears, often accompanied by a black saddle or large splotch of color. Males typically stand up to 15.5 inches at the shoulder and weigh between 17 to 19 pounds, while females are slightly smaller. The breed is known for its alert expression, lively demeanor, and characteristic V-shaped ears.

Terrier Group

England

Wirehaired Pointing Griffon

The Wirehaired Pointing Griffon is a medium-sized dog with a distinctive harsh, wiry double coat that protects it in dense underbrush and water. Males stand 22 to 24 inches at the shoulder, while females are 20 to 22 inches. The coat is typically steel gray with chestnut or roan markings, and the breed is known for its bushy eyebrows and prominent mustache, giving it a characteristic expressive face.

Sporting Group

Netherlands

Wirehaired Vizsla

The Wirehaired Vizsla is a medium-sized, athletic hunting dog with a lean, muscular build and a distinctive dense, wiry golden-rust coat. It features pronounced facial furnishings, including a beard and bushy eyebrows, which provide protection in harsh weather and rough terrain. The breed has a noble, expressive face, a deep chest, and a graceful, agile movement. Its coat is weather-resistant and requires minimal grooming.

Sporting Group

Hungary

Working Kelpie

The Working Kelpie is a medium-sized, athletic dog with a lithe, muscular build and great agility. It has a short, double-layered coat that comes in a variety of colors including black, black and tan, red, red and tan, chocolate, chocolate and tan, blue, blue and tan, fawn, fawn and tan, cream, and black and white. The breed typically stands 17 to 20 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 25 and 45 pounds. Its keen expression, pricked or semi-erect ears, and bushy tail are distinctive features.

Mixed Breed

Australia (Victoria and New South Wales regions)

Xoloitzcuintli

The Xoloitzcuintli is a sleek, well-muscled dog that comes in three sizes: toy, miniature, and standard. The breed is best known for its hairless variety, which has smooth, tough skin, though a coated variety with a short, flat coat also exists. Xolos have a graceful build, almond-shaped eyes, and large, upright ears. Common colors include black, gray, slate, red, liver, and bronze.

Non-Sporting Group

Mexico

Yakutian Laika

The Yakutian Laika is a medium-sized, well-muscled dog with a broad, wedge-shaped head and erect, triangular ears. Its almond-shaped eyes can be brown, blue, or one of each. The breed boasts a thick, double coat designed to withstand harsh Arctic climates, with a dense undercoat and a longer, coarse topcoat. Common coat colors include white with patches of any color, either bicolor or tricolor.

Foundation Stock Service

Russia, Sakha (Yakutia) Republic

Yorkshire Terrier

The Yorkshire Terrier is a small, compact dog standing 7 to 8 inches (18 to 20 cm) at the shoulder and weighing up to 7 pounds (3 kg). It features a long, straight, silky coat that is dark blue-gray on the body and tan on the head, chest, and legs. The breed is known for its elegant appearance, with a coat that is traditionally parted down the middle and requires regular grooming. Its expressive eyes and perky, erect ears add to its distinctive look.

Toy Group

United Kingdom (Yorkshire and Lancashire, England)

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