Shikoku
Quick Summary
Loyal, athletic hunting dog ideal for active owners. Best suited for experienced handlers who can provide consistent training and extensive exercise.
Contents
Weight Range
35-55 lbs
♂ Male: 35-55 lbs
♀ Female: 35-55 lbs
Height Range
43-56 inches
♂ Male: 17-22"
♀ Female: 17-22"
Life Expectancy
10-12 years
Average lifespan with proper care and nutrition
Intelligence
Rank #85
Average Intelligence
Breed Group
Foundation Stock Service
Originally bred for Developed in Japan's Kochi Prefecture during the 17th century for hunting boar and deer in mountainous terrain
Compatibility Ratings
Behavior & Training
Physical Characteristics
| Male Height | 17"-22" |
| Female Height | 17"-22" |
| Male Weight | 35-55 lbs |
| Female Weight | 35-55 lbs |
| Coat Length | 1/5 |
| Drooling Level | 1/5 |
Cost & Ownership
Cost Category
Initial costs include $1500-2500 for purchase, plus setup expenses. Monthly costs average $150-200 for food and basic care. Annual veterinary expenses range from $500-1000 for routine care.
Training & Socialization
Training Difficulty
Alert and energetic breed with strong hunting instincts. Shows remarkable loyalty to family while maintaining an independent nature. Requires consistent training and early socialization to manage prey drive and develop good manners.
Social Needs
Forms strong bonds with family but can be reserved with strangers. Moderate dog socialization needs when properly introduced. Can tolerate alone time if well-exercised and given adequate mental stimulation.
Breed Overview
A medium-sized spitz breed with a muscular build and distinctive fox-like appearance, the Shikoku showcases a dense double coat in sesame, red, or black and tan colors. Athletic and agile, these dogs possess erect triangular ears, a curled tail, and sharp, alert facial features that reflect their keen hunting heritage. Their balanced proportions and confident stance embody the noble bearing characteristic of Japanese breeds.
Key Highlights
Pros
- ✓ Loyal and devoted
- ✓ Athletic and agile
- ✓ Excellent hunting instincts
- ✓ Weather-resistant coat
Cons
- ✗ Strong prey drive
- ✗ Independent nature
- ✗ Requires extensive exercise
- ✗ Can be aloof with strangers
Breed Characteristics
| Temperament | Energetic, Alert, Enthusiastic |
| Energy Level | Regular Exercise |
| Trainability | |
| Grooming Needs | Weekly Brushing |
| Shedding |
Exercise & Nutrition
Exercise Requirements
Requires 60-90 minutes of daily exercise including hiking, running, and agility training. High-intensity activities should be combined with mental stimulation through tracking or scent work. Best exercised in secure areas due to strong prey drive.
Diet & Nutrition
Requires 2-3 cups of high-quality dry food daily, divided into two meals. Diet should be rich in protein with moderate fat content. Special attention needed for portion control to maintain healthy weight.
Feed 2-3 cups of premium dry food daily, split into two meals. Choose protein-rich formulas appropriate for activity level. Monitor weight and adjust portions accordingly. Fresh water should always be available.
Environment & Living Space
Living Requirements
Adapts well to suburban or rural settings with secure fencing. Requires moderate indoor space and access to outdoor areas. Tolerates various climates but needs shelter from extreme weather.
Requires minimum yard space of 400 square feet with secure fencing. Adapts to various living situations if exercise needs are met. Best suited for homes with access to outdoor areas.
Suitable Environments
Climate Suitability
History & Origin
Native to Japan's Shikoku island, these dogs were developed by the Matagi hunters for pursuing game in mountainous terrain. Their isolation in the Kochi Prefecture helped preserve their pure bloodline and hunting abilities.
Historical Purpose
Developed in Japan's Kochi Prefecture during the 17th century for hunting boar and deer in mountainous terrain. Valued for exceptional tracking abilities and endurance in rugged conditions.
Fun Fact
One of only six native Japanese spitz breeds, the Shikoku was once so rare it was declared a Living National Monument.
Grooming & Maintenance
Special Considerations
Needs secure fencing due to hunting instincts. Regular grooming during shedding seasons. Requires dedicated exercise and training commitment.