Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
An immune-mediated condition leading to insufficient tear production, causing chronic dry, irritated eyes.
Detailed Description
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS), or dry eye, results from immune-mediated destruction of the lacrimal glands, leading to decreased tear production. Chronic dryness causes inflammation, corneal ulcers, and potential vision loss if untreated.
Common Symptoms
- Red, irritated eyes
- Thick, mucoid discharge
- Squinting
- Pawing at eyes
- Corneal cloudiness
Management Options
- Topical cyclosporine or tacrolimus
- Artificial tears
- Antibiotic drops for secondary infections
Frequently Asked Questions
Is KCS curable?
No, but it is manageable with lifelong medication.
How do I know if my dog has dry eye?
Look for chronic discharge, redness, and discomfort; confirm with a Schirmer tear test.
Can KCS cause blindness?
Yes, if left untreated.
Is it hereditary?
There is a genetic predisposition in some breeds.
What is the best treatment?
Topical cyclosporine is the gold standard.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
4–8 years
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Testing Available
Yes
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Diagnosing Methods
Schirmer tear test; Fluorescein staining
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Preventative Measures
Early detection and treatment; Avoid breeding affected dogs
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Related Conditions
Conjunctivitis from other causes, Allergic eye disease