Health Condition

Cystinuria

Cystinuria is a hereditary metabolic disorder causing the formation of cystine stones in the urinary tract, leading to urinary obstruction.

Detailed Description

Cystinuria results from defective renal tubular reabsorption of cystine, leading to stone formation in the urinary tract. It is inherited and can cause recurrent urinary tract issues and potentially life-threatening obstructions.

Common Symptoms

Straining to urinate
Blood in urine
Recurrent urinary tract infections

Management Options

Surgical removal of stones
Dietary management (low protein, low sodium)
Medications (thiol drugs)

Frequently Asked Questions

Is cystinuria hereditary?

Yes, cystinuria is caused by a known genetic mutation.

How is cystinuria diagnosed?

By urinalysis, stone analysis, and genetic testing.

Can cystinuria be cured?

There is no cure, but it can be managed.

Is cystinuria common in all dogs?

No, it is breed-specific and more common in certain breeds.

What are the symptoms of cystinuria?

Symptoms include straining to urinate and blood in the urine.

Condition Details

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Typical Age of Onset

1–5 years

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Testing Available

Yes

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Diagnosing Methods

Urinalysis (cystine crystals); Stone analysis; Genetic testing

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Preventative Measures

Genetic testing of breeding stock; Regular urinalysis in at-risk dogs

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Related Conditions

Other urolithiasis

Affected Breeds

Australian Cattle Dog

Severity: 3/5

Cystinuria is rare but documented in Australian Cattle Dogs, with a higher risk than the general canine population.

Bullmastiff

Severity: 3/5

Cystinuria is documented in Bullmastiffs and is considered higher than average, with a known SLC3A1 gene mutation in some lines.

Irish Terrier

Prevalence: 12.5% Severity: 4/5

Irish Terriers have a breed-specific SLC3A1 mutation (Type III), with a higher risk than most breeds.

Mastiff

Severity: 3/5

Cystinuria is documented in Mastiffs, with a known genetic mutation. Males are more commonly affected, and recurrence is common without genetic control.

Newfoundland

Prevalence: 20% Severity: 3/5

Newfoundlands have a breed-specific, autosomal recessive form (Type I-A) of cystinuria, with a high carrier rate and significant risk for males.

Scottish Deerhound

Prevalence: 12.5% Severity: 3/5

Scottish Deerhounds have a higher carrier frequency and risk for cystinuria than most other breeds.

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