Addison’s Disease (Hypoadrenocorticism)
Addison’s disease is an immune-mediated destruction of the adrenal cortex, leading to life-threatening hormone deficiencies in dogs.
Detailed Description
The adrenal glands fail to produce sufficient glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, resulting in electrolyte imbalances, weakness, vomiting, and collapse. It is often called 'the great pretender' due to its variable symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Weight loss
- Collapse
- Bradycardia
- Dehydration
Management Options
- Lifelong hormone replacement (prednisone, fludrocortisone or DOCP)
- Emergency stabilization for Addisonian crisis
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Addison’s disease curable?
No, but it is manageable with medication.
How common is Addison’s in Portuguese Water Dogs?
1–2%, much higher than most breeds.
What are the first signs?
Lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, and collapse.
Can Addison’s be prevented?
No, but early detection improves outcomes.
Is lifelong treatment required?
Yes, with hormone replacement.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
4–6 years (range: 1–9 years)
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Testing Available
Yes
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Diagnosing Methods
ACTH stimulation test; Electrolyte analysis (Na:K ratio); Clinical history
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Preventative Measures
Early recognition and treatment
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Related Conditions
Gastroenteritis, Kidney disease, Other causes of collapse