Von Willebrand Disease Type III
Von Willebrand Disease Type III (vWD-III) is a severe inherited bleeding disorder with a notably higher prevalence in the Nederlandse Kooikerhondje due to a breed-specific mutation.
Detailed Description
vWD-III is the most severe form of von Willebrand Disease, caused by a complete deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF), a protein essential for blood clotting. Affected dogs are at risk for spontaneous bleeding and excessive hemorrhage after injury or surgery. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and genetic testing is available to identify carriers and affected dogs.
Common Symptoms
- Spontaneous bleeding (nose, gums)
- Prolonged bleeding after injury or surgery
- Hematomas
- Blood in urine or feces
Management Options
- Blood transfusions or plasma for acute bleeding
- Desmopressin (limited efficacy in type III)
- Preventive care to avoid trauma
Frequently Asked Questions
Can vWD-III be cured?
No cure; management focuses on preventing and treating bleeding episodes.
How is vWD-III inherited?
Autosomal recessive; both parents must be carriers for a puppy to be affected.
Is genetic testing reliable?
Yes, DNA testing is highly accurate for this mutation.
Can carriers show symptoms?
No, only affected (homozygous) dogs show clinical signs.
What precautions should owners take?
Avoid trauma, inform veterinarians before procedures, and monitor for bleeding.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
Any age, often noticed in puppies or young adults
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Testing Available
Yes
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Diagnosing Methods
vWF antigen assay; Genetic testing; Bleeding time tests
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Preventative Measures
Genetic testing of breeding dogs; Avoid carrier-to-carrier matings
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Related Conditions
Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, Platelet function disorders