Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome
Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome (TNS) is a hereditary immunodeficiency disorder in Border Collies, resulting in chronic infections and failure to thrive due to defective neutrophil release from bone marrow.
Detailed Description
TNS is caused by a mutation in the VPS13B gene, leading to neutrophils being trapped in the bone marrow and not released into circulation. This results in immunodeficiency, chronic infections, poor growth, and early death if untreated.
Common Symptoms
- Failure to thrive
- Recurrent infections
- Fever
- Poor growth
- Chronic diarrhea
Management Options
- Supportive care (antibiotics, nutrition)
- No cure; most affected puppies die young
Frequently Asked Questions
Can TNS be cured?
No, only supportive care is available.
How is TNS inherited?
Autosomal recessive; both parents must be carriers.
How common is TNS in Border Collies?
Carrier rates up to 10% in some populations.
Can TNS be prevented?
Yes, through genetic testing of breeding dogs.
What are the first signs of TNS?
Failure to thrive and recurrent infections in puppies.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
2–12 weeks (puppies)
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Testing Available
Yes
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Diagnosing Methods
Clinical signs; Bloodwork (neutropenia); Genetic testing
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Preventative Measures
Genetic testing before breeding
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Related Conditions
Cyclic neutropenia, Other immunodeficiencies