Polymyositis
Polymyositis is an immune-mediated inflammatory muscle disease with increased prevalence in the Nederlandse Kooikerhondje, often presenting as chronic muscle weakness.
Detailed Description
Polymyositis involves immune-mediated inflammation and degeneration of skeletal muscles, leading to progressive weakness, muscle atrophy, and difficulty swallowing. The cause is likely autoimmune, and a familial predisposition has been documented in the breed. Early diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy can improve outcomes, but relapses are possible.
Common Symptoms
- Progressive muscle weakness
- Exercise intolerance
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Muscle atrophy
- Regurgitation
Management Options
- Immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone, azathioprine)
- Supportive care (nutritional support, physical therapy)
Frequently Asked Questions
Is polymyositis curable?
No, but it can often be managed successfully with immunosuppressive drugs.
How is it diagnosed?
Through clinical signs, blood tests, EMG, and muscle biopsy.
Is it inherited?
Familial predisposition is suspected, but inheritance is not fully understood.
What are the first signs?
Weakness, exercise intolerance, and difficulty swallowing.
Can affected dogs live normal lives?
Many can with proper treatment, though relapses may occur.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
Young to middle-aged adults (2–6 years)
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Testing Available
No
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Diagnosing Methods
Clinical examination; Blood tests (elevated CK); Electromyography (EMG); Muscle biopsy
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Related Conditions
Myasthenia gravis, Masticatory muscle myositis