Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure and neurological deficits.
Detailed Description
Common Symptoms
- Domed skull
- Persistent fontanelle
- Ataxia
- Seizures
- Blindness
- Circling
- Behavioral changes
Management Options
- Diuretics (acetazolamide)
- Corticosteroids
- Anti-seizure medications
- Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (rare in small dogs)
Frequently Asked Questions
Is hydrocephalus always fatal?
Not always; mild cases can be managed, but severe cases have poor prognosis.
Can hydrocephalus be detected early?
Yes, via ultrasound in young puppies with open fontanelle.
Is the condition inherited?
There is a genetic predisposition, but inheritance is not fully understood.
Can affected dogs live normal lives?
Mildly affected dogs may live relatively normal lives with management.
Is surgery an option?
Rarely, due to size and risks, but shunting is possible in select cases.
Condition Details
Typical Age of Onset
Present at birth or within first 6 months
Testing Available
No
Diagnosing Methods
Neurological exam; Transfontanelle ultrasound; MRI; CT
Preventative Measures
Avoid breeding affected dogs; Careful selection for skull shape
Related Conditions
Portosystemic shunt, Hypoglycemia, Other congenital brain malformations