Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
A hereditary heart disease causing abnormal heart rhythms and risk of sudden cardiac death, most commonly seen in Boxers.
Detailed Description
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a progressive cardiac disorder characterized by the replacement of right ventricular myocardium with fatty and fibrous tissue, leading to ventricular arrhythmias. It is caused by a mutation in the striatin gene and can result in syncope, congestive heart failure, or sudden death. The disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with incomplete penetrance and is particularly prevalent in Boxers.
Common Symptoms
- syncope (fainting)
- exercise intolerance
- sudden death
- arrhythmias
Management Options
- antiarrhythmic drugs
- restricted exercise
- monitoring and supportive care
Frequently Asked Questions
Can ARVC be cured?
No, but it can often be managed with medication to reduce arrhythmias.
Should all Boxers be screened?
Yes, especially breeding dogs and those with a family history.
Is genetic testing definitive?
No, it helps but does not predict all cases due to incomplete penetrance.
What is the first sign?
Fainting (syncope) is often the earliest sign.
Can sudden death be prevented?
Risk can be reduced but not eliminated with monitoring and medication.
Condition Details
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Typical Age of Onset
Middle-aged to older dogs (average 5–7 years), but can occur as early as 1 year
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Testing Available
Yes
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Diagnosing Methods
24-hour Holter monitoring; echocardiography; genetic testing; routine ECG
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Preventative Measures
routine Holter monitoring in breeding stock; genetic testing to inform breeding decisions
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Related Conditions
dilated cardiomyopathy, other arrhythmias